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​Farmers use an index called ____ as a guide to planting and for determining the approximate dates when a crop will be ready for harvesting.


A) ​heating degree days
B) ​harvesting degree days
C) ​growing degree days
D) ​cooling degree days
E) ​ripening degree days

F) All of the above
G) A) and C)

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​One would expect the lowest temperatures to be found next to the ground on a


A) ​clear, damp, windy night.
B) ​cloudy night.
C) ​clear, dry, calm night.
D) ​clear, dry, windy night.
E) ​rainy night.

F) B) and D)
G) A) and B)

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​Incoming solar radiation in middle latitudes is less in winter than in summer because the Sun's rays slant more and spread their energy over a larger area.

A) True
B) False

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​Fruit trees are particularly vulnerable to cold weather ____.


A) ​when they are fruit-bearing
B) ​when they are bare
C) ​right after fruit have been picked
D) ​when they are blossoming
E) when the first leaves show up

F) All of the above
G) C) and D)

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​The term cooling degree day is used during ____ weather.


A) warm
B) ​cold
C) ​freezing
D) ​humid
E) ​any

F) A) and B)
G) None of the above

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​In Pennsylvania and New York, wine grapes are planted on the side of ____________________ rather than in valleys.

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​Maximum daily temperatures under hazy skies are typically ____________________ than those under clear skies.

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​In many areas of the far western United States, only sparse vegetation grows on ____________________-facing slopes.

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​Even though the poles have 24 hours of sunlight during the summer, the average summer temperature there is nonetheless below 0 °\degree F.

A) True
B) False

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​What meteorological conditions contribute to the formation of a strong radiation inversion?

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Students need to know that a radiation i...

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​In cold weather, when the air is calm, the temperature we perceive-called the sensible temperature-is often ____ a thermometer might indicate.


A) ​lower than
B) ​higher than
C) ​the same as
D) ​a fraction of what
E) ​at least twice as high as

F) A) and C)
G) B) and C)

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​Each day past the winter solstice the noon Sun is a little higher above the southern horizon.

A) True
B) False

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​The combination of heating and cooling degree days gives a practical indication of the energy requirements over the year.

A) True
B) False

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​The ____________________ degree-day is based on the assumption that people will begin to use their furnaces when the mean daily temperature drops below 65 degrees Fahrenheit.

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​In the Northern Hemisphere, summers are warmer than winters, even though Earth is actually closer to the Sun in January.

A) True
B) False

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​At any given time, ____ of Earth is illuminated by the Sun.


A) ​one-fourth
B) ​one-third
C) ​one-half
D) ​two-thirds
E) ​three quarters

F) B) and C)
G) A) and D)

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​The wind-chill factor


A) ​relates body heat loss with wind to an equivalent temperature with no wind.
B) ​indicates the temperature at which water freezes on exposed skin.
C) ​takes into account humidity and air temperature in expressing the current air temperature.
D) ​tells farmers when to protect crops from a freeze.
E) ​determines how low the air temperature will be on any given day.

F) A) and C)
G) None of the above

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​At what time during a 24-hour day would a radiation temperature inversion best be developed?


A) ​at sunset
B) ​near sunrise
C) ​toward the end of the morning
D) ​between 3 and 5 p.m. when the air temperature reaches a maximum
E) ​at noon

F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

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​Heating degree days are determined by subtracting the ____ temperature for the ____ from 65 degrees Fahrenheit.


A) ​coldest; year
B) ​mean; year
C) ​warmest; week
D) ​coldest; day
E) ​mean; day

F) A) and B)
G) C) and D)

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​Corn varieties are typically rated in terms of "days to maturity". The reason this system works well is that corn always takes the same number of days to mature, independent of the growing location.

A) True
B) False

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