Question 1

Viscosity is a property of a fluid that relates to how easily the fluid flows. A material that is viscous __.

Accepted Answer

A)   flows easily
B)   flows less easily
C)   is always hot
D)   is always a solid
E)   is always coldF) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 2

How is a sill different from a dike?

Accepted Answer

A)   The sill is tabular in shape.
B)   Dikes are intrusive structures.
C)   Dikes are fine-grained and sills are coarse-grained.
D)   Sills are parallel to the layering in the country rock.
E)   A sill is shaped like a mattress, while a dike is shaped like a pillow.F) None of the above
G) A) and C)

Question 3

________ lava is largely restricted to narrow zones along convergent plate boundaries.

Accepted Answer

A)   Granite
B)   Andesite
C)   Rhyolite
D)   Ultramafic
E)   CarbonateF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 4

An ultramafic rock is composed almost entirely of quartz.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

The coarse-grained equivalent of basalt is a(n)  ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   andesite
B)   gabbro
C)   granite
D)   diorite
E)   rhyoliteF) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

Question 6

The geothermal gradient, on average, is about _____.

Accepted Answer

A)   0.004 °\degree° C/km
B)   2.5 °\degree° C/km
C)   25 °\degree° C/km
D)   30 °\degree° C/km
E)   2500 °\degree° C/km F) B) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 7

A mineral's melting point generally increases with increasing pressure.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

_____, a coarse-grained rock composed of pyroxene and olivine, is the most abundant ultramafic rock.

Accepted Answer

A)   Diorite
B)   Gabbro
C)   Granite
D)   Peridotite
E)   HematiteF) B) and D)
G) B) and E)

Question 9

Hawaii and __________ eruptions are related to intraplate igneous activity.

Accepted Answer

A)   Japan
B)   Cascade
C)   Yellowstone
D)   Honduras
E)   CaliforniaF) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 10

_____ rocks have coarse crystals in a fine-grained matrix.

Accepted Answer

A)   Ultramafic
B)   Granite
C)   Sill
D)   Pegmatite
E)   PorphyriticF) B) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 11

Rhyolite is considerably more common than granite.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

The term mafic comes from the terms magnesium and ferric.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

The melting point of a mineral generally _____ with increasing pressure (or depth) .

Accepted Answer

A)   does not change
B)   decreases
C)   increases
D)   becomes dependent on rock type
E)   is unknownF) None of the above
G) B) and C)

Question 14

Imagine two magmas that are identical in all respects (for example, same chemistry, pressure, volume)  except that one magma is hotter than the other. Which magma will have the higher viscosity?

Accepted Answer

A)   The hotter magma will be more viscous.
B)   The cooler magma will be more viscous.
C)   The magmas will have the same viscosity.
D)   There is not sufficient information to establish the relative viscosities of these magmas.
E)   Temperature does not affect magma viscosity.F) B) and E)
G) B) and C)

Question 15

The geothermal gradient is the rate at which pressure increases with increasing depth beneath the surface.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

The most common minerals in a granite are the ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   oxides
B)   carbonates
C)   feldspars
D)   ferromagnesians
E)   micasF) None of the above
G) C) and E)

Question 17

Igneous rocks may be either ____ if they form on or near Earth's surface, or ___ if they solidify under ground.

Accepted Answer

A)   intrusive; volcanic
B)   volcanic; extrusive
C)   extrusive; intrusive
D)   plutonic; intrusive
E)   intrusive; extrusiveF) B) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 18

______ igneous rocks, like gabbro and basalt, are silica-deficient with high magnesium and iron.

Accepted Answer

A)   Felsic/silicic
B)   Intermediate
C)   Mafic
D)   Intrusive
E)   ExtrusiveF) C) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 19

Under ideal conditions rock can melt and yield a granite composition at temperatures as low as ___.

Accepted Answer

A)   100 °\degree°  Celsius
B)   225 °\degree°  Celsius
C)   333 °\degree°  Celsius
D)   450 °\degree°  Celsius
E)   650 °\degree°  Celsius F) A) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 20

A _______ is a tabular (thin but large area)  intrusive body that is concordant (parallel to the host rock structure) .

Accepted Answer

A)   dike
B)   mantle
C)   threshold
D)   sill
E)   neckF) All of the above
G) B) and C)

Exam 3: Igneous Rocks, Intrusive Activity, and the Origin of Igneous Rocks

The coarse-grained equivalent of basalt is a(n) ______.

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The geothermal gradient, on average, is about _____.

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The most common minerals in a granite are the ______.

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________ lava is largely restricted to narrow zones along convergent plate boundaries.

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Igneous rocks may be either ____ if they form on or near Earth's surface, or ___ if they solidify under ground.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The melting point of a mineral generally _____ with increasing pressure (or depth) .

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An ultramafic rock is composed almost entirely of quartz.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Under ideal conditions rock can melt and yield a granite composition at temperatures as low as ___.

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_____ rocks have coarse crystals in a fine-grained matrix.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

______ igneous rocks, like gabbro and basalt, are silica-deficient with high magnesium and iron.

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The term mafic comes from the terms magnesium and ferric.

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How is a sill different from a dike?

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_____, a coarse-grained rock composed of pyroxene and olivine, is the most abundant ultramafic rock.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Viscosity is a property of a fluid that relates to how easily the fluid flows. A material that is viscous __.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Rhyolite is considerably more common than granite.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The geothermal gradient is the rate at which pressure increases with increasing depth beneath the surface.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A mineral's melting point generally increases with increasing pressure.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A _______ is a tabular (thin but large area) intrusive body that is concordant (parallel to the host rock structure) .

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Imagine two magmas that are identical in all respects (for example, same chemistry, pressure, volume) except that one magma is hotter than the other. Which magma will have the higher viscosity?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Hawaii and __________ eruptions are related to intraplate igneous activity.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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Igneous rocks may be either __ if they form on or near Earth's surface, or _ if they solidify under ground.

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