Question 1

Mark believes that people's dislike of bitter-tasting foods has promoted human survival.His belief best illustrates the ________ perspective.

Accepted Answer

A)   psychodynamic
B)   social-cultural
C)   evolutionary
D)   behavioralE) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 2

Edward Titchener used the method of introspection to identify

Accepted Answer

A)   inherited traits.
B)   maladaptive behaviors.
C)   unconscious motives.
D)   sensory experiences.E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 3

Who was the American philosopher-psychologist who authored a textbook in 1890 for the emerging discipline of psychology?

Accepted Answer

A)   Wilhelm Wundt
B)   John B.Watson
C)   Sigmund Freud
D)   William JamesE) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 4

Which psychologists are MOST likely to be involved in applied research?

Accepted Answer

A)   industrial-organizational psychologists
B)   developmental psychologists
C)   personality psychologists
D)   biological psychologistsE) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 5

William James was primarily concerned with the _______ of the mind.

Accepted Answer

A)   functions
B)   elements
C)   disorders
D)   biological originsE) A) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 6

Basic research on persistent human traits like optimism and pessimism is most characteristic of the specialty known as ________ psychology.

Accepted Answer

A)   biological
B)   personality
C)   social
D)   developmentalE) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 7

A theoretical perspective in psychology can be like a two-dimensional view of a three-dimensional object because each perspective is

Accepted Answer

A)   limited in its scope.
B)   likely to contradict other perspectives.
C)   of little value for applied research.
D)   impossible to test scientifically.E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 8

Debates as to whether the excessive use of alcohol is biologically determined or culturally influenced are most relevant to the issue of

Accepted Answer

A)   nature and nurture.
B)   observation and introspection.
C)   behavior and mental processes.
D)   structuralism and functionalism.E) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

Question 9

From the 1920s into the 1960s,American psychologists emphasized the study of

Accepted Answer

A)   genetic influences.
B)   self-esteem.
C)   conscious thoughts and feelings.
D)   observable behavior.E) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 10

The early school of psychology that focused on how mental and behavioral processes enable us to adapt and survive was called

Accepted Answer

A)   behaviorism.
B)   structuralism.
C)   behavior genetics.
D)   functionalism.E) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 11

Which major force in psychology emphasized unconscious thought processes?

Accepted Answer

A)   evolutionary psychology
B)   Freudian psychology
C)   behavior genetics
D)   behaviorismE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 12

Which psychological perspective is most likely to examine how group membership influences individual attitudes and behaviors?

Accepted Answer

A)   neuroscience
B)   psychodynamic
C)   evolutionary
D)   social-culturalE) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 13

Edward Titchener is to structuralism as William James is to ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   behaviorism
B)   humanistic psychology
C)   cognitive neuroscience
D)   functionalismE) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 14

Which perspective would be most helpful for understanding the role of retrieval practice on long-term memory of information?

Accepted Answer

A)   psychodynamic
B)   social-cultural
C)   cognitive
D)   behavior geneticsE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 15

Professor Brody attempts to measure the relative contributions of inborn traits and social influences on sexual preferences and behavior patterns.Her research efforts best illustrate the interests of the ________ perspective.

Accepted Answer

A)   behavior genetics
B)   psychodynamic
C)   behavioral
D)   cognitiveE) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 16

Which perspective in psychology is most likely to focus on how behavior and thinking vary across situations and cultures?

Accepted Answer

A)   evolutionary
B)   neuroscience
C)   cognitive
D)   social-culturalE) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 17

Dr.MacPherson believes that the way students organize and think about the information in their textbooks will strongly influence their ability to later remember and use what they have studied.Dr.MacPherson's ideas most directly exemplify the ________ perspective.

Accepted Answer

A)   social-cultural
B)   cognitive
C)   psychodynamic
D)   behavior geneticsE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 18

The cognitive perspective in psychology focuses on how

Accepted Answer

A)   feelings are influenced by blood chemistry.
B)   people try to understand their own unconscious motives.
C)   behavior is influenced by environmental conditions.
D)   people encode,process,store,and retrieve information.E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 19

The growth potential of healthy people was emphasized by

Accepted Answer

A)   Freudian psychology.
B)   cognitive neuroscience.
C)   structuralism.
D)   humanistic psychology.E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 20

Professor Crisman believes that most women prefer tall and physically strong partners because this preference promoted the survival of our ancestors' genes.This viewpoint best illustrates the ________ perspective.

Accepted Answer

A)   social-cultural
B)   cognitive
C)   evolutionary
D)   psychodynamicE) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Exam 1: Prologue

Which major force in psychology emphasized unconscious thought processes?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which perspective would be most helpful for understanding the role of retrieval practice on long-term memory of information?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which psychological perspective is most likely to examine how group membership influences individual attitudes and behaviors?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Mark believes that people's dislike of bitter-tasting foods has promoted human survival.His belief best illustrates the ________ perspective.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Basic research on persistent human traits like optimism and pessimism is most characteristic of the specialty known as ________ psychology.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Professor Crisman believes that most women prefer tall and physically strong partners because this preference promoted the survival of our ancestors' genes.This viewpoint best illustrates the ________ perspective.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The early school of psychology that focused on how mental and behavioral processes enable us to adapt and survive was called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A theoretical perspective in psychology can be like a two-dimensional view of a three-dimensional object because each perspective is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which perspective in psychology is most likely to focus on how behavior and thinking vary across situations and cultures?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Dr.MacPherson believes that the way students organize and think about the information in their textbooks will strongly influence their ability to later remember and use what they have studied.Dr.MacPherson's ideas most directly exemplify the ________ perspective.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The growth potential of healthy people was emphasized by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

William James was primarily concerned with the _______ of the mind.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Edward Titchener is to structuralism as William James is to ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The cognitive perspective in psychology focuses on how

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

From the 1920s into the 1960s,American psychologists emphasized the study of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Edward Titchener used the method of introspection to identify

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Professor Brody attempts to measure the relative contributions of inborn traits and social influences on sexual preferences and behavior patterns.Her research efforts best illustrate the interests of the ________ perspective.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Debates as to whether the excessive use of alcohol is biologically determined or culturally influenced are most relevant to the issue of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Who was the American philosopher-psychologist who authored a textbook in 1890 for the emerging discipline of psychology?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which psychologists are MOST likely to be involved in applied research?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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