Question 1

The fundamental attribution error is most likely to occur when we explain an instance of

Accepted Answer

A)   good behavior performed by a person we have never met before.
B)   good behavior performed by a person we have previously met in a number of different situations.
C)   bad behavior performed by a person we have never met before.
D)   bad behavior performed by a person we have previously met in a number of different situations.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 2

Alex thinks smoking is addictive but other players on his hockey team insist that it's not.Alex is likely to conform to their opinion if

Accepted Answer

A)   he has publicly voiced his opinion on this issue.
B)   there is obvious disagreement among team players regarding the issue.
C)   he feels insecure in his role as a new member of the team.
D)   there are very few team members whom he currently wants to befriend.E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 3

The other-race effect refers to a bias with respect to the recognition of other people's

Accepted Answer

A)   names.
B)   faces.
C)   voices.
D)   personality traits.E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 4

The fundamental attribution error

Accepted Answer

A)   involves underestimating the dispositional factors involved in a behavior.
B)   refers to the feelings,often influenced by our beliefs,that predispose us to respond in a particular way.
C)   involves underestimating situational constraints on another's behavior.
D)   occurs when people are influenced by incidental cues,such as a speaker's attractiveness.E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 5

Attribution theory was designed to account for

Accepted Answer

A)   the process of revealing intimate aspects of ourselves to others.
B)   the impact of both heredity and environment on social behavior.
C)   the loss of self-awareness that occurs in group situations.
D)   how people explain others' behavior.E) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 6

University College London volunteers used a mechanical device to press on another volunteer's finger,after feeling pressure on their own finger.They typically responded to the pressure on their finger

Accepted Answer

A)   with less pressure than they had just experienced.
B)   with more pressure than they had just experienced.
C)   with the same amount of pressure they had just experienced.
D)   with Graduated and Reciprocated Initiatives in Tension-Reduction.E) B) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 7

As Adrienne walks through a shopping mall,she happens to pass an older woman who is sitting on a bench,clutching her arm,and moaning in pain.The presence of many other shoppers in the mall will most likely increase the probability that Adrienne will

Accepted Answer

A)   experience contempt for the older woman.
B)   help the woman by calling an ambulance.
C)   experience a sense of empathy for the older woman.
D)   fail to notice the older woman's problem.E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 8

To help people avoid social traps,psychologists should promote an increased awareness of

Accepted Answer

A)   equity.
B)   the mere exposure effect.
C)   the reciprocity norm.
D)   the social-responsibility norm.E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 9

Which branch of psychology is most directly concerned with the study of how people think about,influence,and relate to one another?

Accepted Answer

A)   developmental psychology
B)   social psychology
C)   personality psychology
D)   clinical psychologyE) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 10

Our explanations of our own admirable actions are ________ likely to involve situational attributions than our explanations of our own shameful actions.Our explanations of our own actions performed long ago are ________ likely to involve dispositional attributions than our explanations of our own very recent actions.

Accepted Answer

A)   less;less
B)   more;more
C)   less;more
D)   more;lessE) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Question 11

Group polarization refers to

Accepted Answer

A)   the lack of critical thinking that results from a strong desire for harmony within a group.
B)   a split within a group produced by striking differences of opinion among group members.
C)   the tendency of individuals to exert more effort when working as part of a group.
D)   the enhancement of a group's prevailing attitudes through group discussion.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 12

Muzafer Sherif's work with 11-year-old boys at a summer camp demonstrated that

Accepted Answer

A)   it was very difficult to establish ingroup/outgroup conflict because there were no intrinsic differences between the Rattlers and the Eagles.
B)   situations that required cooperation and the joint efforts of both groups reduced the conflict and hostility between them.
C)   simple social contact between the two groups greatly reduced conflict and hostility.
D)   contrary to expectations,competition between the two groups actually increased harmony between them.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 13

Research participants believed that the Asch conformity test involved a study of

Accepted Answer

A)   altruism.
B)   visual perception.
C)   learning.
D)   aggression.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 14

The practice of covering your mouth when you cough best illustrates the impact of

Accepted Answer

A)   cognitive dissonance.
B)   deindividuation.
C)   social facilitation.
D)   social norms.E) A) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 15

Sherif's study of conflict in a Boy Scout camp indicated that conflict between two groups of boys could be reduced most effectively by

Accepted Answer

A)   bringing the members of both groups into close contact.
B)   having one group make conciliatory gestures to the other group.
C)   allowing leaders of the two groups to communicate.
D)   exposing the groups to tasks that required their joint cooperation.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 16

After they had first agreed to display a 3-inch "Be a Safe Driver" sign,California home owners were highly likely to permit the installation of a very large and unattractive "Drive Carefully" sign in their front yards.This best illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)   peripheral route persuasion.
B)   the foot-in-the-door phenomenon.
C)   the fundamental attribution error.
D)   cognitive dissonance.E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 17

When buying groceries,many shoppers prefer certain products simply because they have a familiar brand name.This preference BEST illustrates the importance of

Accepted Answer

A)   the self-fulfilling prophecy.
B)   the mere exposure effect.
C)   mirror-image perceptions.
D)   a social trap.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 18

Although Natalie receives somewhat greater rewards from her marriage than does her husband,both are satisfied with the relationship because they each benefit in proportion to what they put into it.This best illustrates the significance of

Accepted Answer

A)   equity.
B)   social exchange.
C)   passionate love.
D)   the mere exposure effect.E) B) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 19

Bullying younger children earns Diego the attention and respect of many classmates.As a result,his bullying behavior increases.This most clearly suggests that his aggression is a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)   reaction to frustration.
B)   instinctive behavior.
C)   learned response.
D)   product of ingroup bias.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 20

The mere exposure effect most directly contributes to the positive relationship between ________ and liking.

Accepted Answer

A)   similarity
B)   physical arousal
C)   self-disclosure
D)   proximityE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Exam 14: Social Psychology

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The other-race effect refers to a bias with respect to the recognition of other people's

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Alex thinks smoking is addictive but other players on his hockey team insist that it's not.Alex is likely to conform to their opinion if

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Bullying younger children earns Diego the attention and respect of many classmates.As a result,his bullying behavior increases.This most clearly suggests that his aggression is a(n)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Although Natalie receives somewhat greater rewards from her marriage than does her husband,both are satisfied with the relationship because they each benefit in proportion to what they put into it.This best illustrates the significance of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The fundamental attribution error

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The mere exposure effect most directly contributes to the positive relationship between ________ and liking.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The fundamental attribution error is most likely to occur when we explain an instance of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Sherif's study of conflict in a Boy Scout camp indicated that conflict between two groups of boys could be reduced most effectively by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When buying groceries,many shoppers prefer certain products simply because they have a familiar brand name.This preference BEST illustrates the importance of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

As Adrienne walks through a shopping mall,she happens to pass an older woman who is sitting on a bench,clutching her arm,and moaning in pain.The presence of many other shoppers in the mall will most likely increase the probability that Adrienne will

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Attribution theory was designed to account for

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The practice of covering your mouth when you cough best illustrates the impact of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

University College London volunteers used a mechanical device to press on another volunteer's finger,after feeling pressure on their own finger.They typically responded to the pressure on their finger

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Muzafer Sherif's work with 11-year-old boys at a summer camp demonstrated that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which branch of psychology is most directly concerned with the study of how people think about,influence,and relate to one another?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

After they had first agreed to display a 3-inch "Be a Safe Driver" sign,California home owners were highly likely to permit the installation of a very large and unattractive "Drive Carefully" sign in their front yards.This best illustrates

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Research participants believed that the Asch conformity test involved a study of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Group polarization refers to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

To help people avoid social traps,psychologists should promote an increased awareness of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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