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Exam 8: Memory

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Question 41

Multiple Choice

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The results from Hermann Ebbinghaus's studies of the forgetting process revealed that:

A) memory decreases at a more or less constant rate over time.
B) memory decreases slowly at first and then sharply decreased after 9 to 10 days.
C) memory remains relatively constant for the first 3 to 4 days and gradually decreases after this.
D) memory decreases rapidly at first and then slowed noticeably afterward.

E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

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Question 42

True/False

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Anterograde amnesia is said to occur when memory is lost for events that occurred prior to the occurrence of amnesia.

A) True
B) False

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Question 43

True/False

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Expert chess players possess schemas that allow them to recall more randomly placed chess pieces than novices do.

Making a grocery list and taking notes for a class involve encoding that is initiated intentionally and requires conscious attention.These are both examples of ____________.

A(n)_____________________ is a stimulus that stimulates the activation of information stored in long-term memory.

Our tendency to recall something or recognize it as familiar,but to forget where we encountered it is known as _______________.

Another name for short-term memory is working memory.

This multiple choice test question would be considered an example of a:

Consider the following two lists of words: List 1) man,mad,cap,can,map.List 2) big,huge,broad,long,tall.When presented with these two lists,research indicates that people usually have more difficulty accurately remembering List 1.Baddeley would argue that the reason List 2 is easier is because the list information would be stored in which component of working memory?

A researcher who damages particular parts of an animal's brain and then observes the impact of this damage on memory and is involved in what is considered to be a non-human animal lesion experiment.

Though both are effective for keeping information active in short-term memory,elaborative rehearsal is more effective than maintenance rehearsal for facilitating the transfer of information into ___________ memory.

Some memory theorists propose that memory can be represented as being similar to a massive system of linked ideas and concepts such as a(n) _____________.

Memory is better when the conditions present during encoding match those that are present during retrieval.This is in accordance with ____________.

Research has revealed that flashbulb memories are not as accurate as people usually think they are.

When the encoding specificity principle is applied to ___________,we can adequately explain the phenomenon of context-dependent memory.

With regard to the serial position effect,the primacy effect refers to the superior recall of words presented at/in the ___________ of the list.

Kim and Jordan are both eyewitnesses to a bank robbery.At the police station they each select Mike from a police lineup,and say,"He's the thief." It turns out though,that Mike has been a customer at the store where Kim works.Jordan has never seen Mike before.With this background,whose identification of Mike is more valuable to the police?

Making a to-do list and taking notes for a class are considered to be examples of __________ processing,which is encoding that is intentionally initiated and that requires conscious attention.

In terms of witnesses' identifications of possible perpetrators,identifications based on auditory cues alone (e.g. ,voice) tend to be:

The tendency of people to remember words at the beginning and end of a list better than words presented in the middle of the list is called the _____________________.