Question 1

Which structure is not part of the endomembrane system?

Accepted Answer

A)  nuclear envelope
B)  chloroplast
C)  Golgi apparatus
D)  plasma membraneE) None of the above
F) All of the above B

Question 2

A mutation that inactivates an enzyme involved in the modification of sugars associated with glycoproteins is most likely to affect the function of which of the following cellular structures?

Accepted Answer

A)  smooth ER
B)  cisternae of the Golgi apparatus
C)  transport vesicles produced by the rough ER
D)  transport vesicles produced by the trans face of the Golgi apparatusE) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 3

Some key innovations in the evolution of eukaryotic cells from a prokaryotic ancestor are membrane-bound organelles.Which of the following organelles or features is a common structure shared by both eukaryotic cells and their prokaryotic ancestors?

Accepted Answer

A)  ribosomes
B)  chloroplasts
C)  mitochondria
D)  nuclear envelopeE) A) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 4

A researcher disrupts cells and separates subcellular components using centrifugation.Which of the following correctly lists the order in which cellular components will pellet when disrupted cell mixtures are centrifuged at increasingly higher speeds?

Accepted Answer

A)  ribosomes,nuclei,mitochondria
B)  chloroplasts,ribosomes,pieces of membrane
C)  nucleus,ribosomes,chloroplasts
D)  nucleus,mitochondria,ribosomesE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 5

A cell with an abundance of free ribosomes is most likely carrying out which of the following processes?

Accepted Answer

A)  producing primarily proteins for secretion
B)  producing primarily cytoplasmic proteins
C)  producing primarily cell wall or extracellular matrix components
D)  producing primarily an abundance of new membranes
E)  producing primarily vacuole contentsF) A) and E)
G) None of the above

Question 6

The extracellular matrix may influence animal cell behavior by communicating information from the outside to the cytoskeleton of the cell via which of the following molecules or structures?

Accepted Answer

A)  gap junctions
B)  tight junctions
C)  integrins
D)  proteoglycansE) B) and C)
F) C) and D) C

Question 7

Which of the following statements correctly describes a function of the Golgi apparatus?

Accepted Answer

A)  detoxification of drugs
B)  protein modification and sorting
C)  synthesis of cytoplasmic proteins
D)  production of ribosomal subunitsE) All of the above
F) B) and D) B

Question 8

Which organelle or structure is primarily involved in the synthesis of oils,phospholipids,and steroids?

Accepted Answer

A)  ribosome
B)  lysosome
C)  smooth endoplasmic reticulum
D)  Golgi apparatusE) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 9

Hydrolytic enzymes must be segregated and packaged to prevent general destruction of cellular components.In animal cells,which of the following organelles contains these hydrolytic enzymes?

Accepted Answer

A)  smooth ER
B)  lysosomes
C)  central vacuoles
D)  peroxisomesE) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 10

One of the key innovations in the evolution of eukaryotes from a prokaryotic ancestor is the endomembrane system.Which eukaryotic organelles or features might have evolved as a part of,or as an elaboration of,the endomembrane system?

Accepted Answer

A)  plasma membrane
B)  chloroplasts
C)  mitochondria
D)  nuclear envelopeE) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 11

In an animal cell,DNA may be found in which of the following organelles?

Accepted Answer

A)  only in the nucleus
B)  only in the nucleus and mitochondria
C)  only in the nucleus and rough ER
D)  in the nucleus,mitochondria,and rough ERE) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 12

When a potassium ion (K+) moves from the soil into the vacuole of a cell on the surface of a root,it must pass through several cellular structures.Which of the following correctly describes the order in which these structures will be encountered by the ion?

Accepted Answer

A)  plasma membrane → primary cell wall → cytoplasm → vacuole
B)  secondary cell wall → plasma membrane → primary cell wall → cytoplasm → vacuole
C)  primary cell wall → plasma membrane → cytoplasm → vacuole
D)  primary cell wall → plasma membrane → lysosome → cytoplasm → vacuole
E)  primary cell wall → plasma membrane → cytoplasm → secondary cell wall → vacuoleF) None of the above
G) A) and E)

Question 13

Thylakoids,DNA,and ribosomes are all components found in

Accepted Answer

A)  vacuoles.
B)  chloroplasts.
C)  mitochondria.
D)  lysosomes.
E)  nucleoli.F) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

Question 14

In a liver cell detoxifying alcohol and some other poisons,the enzymes of the peroxisome remove hydrogen from these molecules and

Accepted Answer

A)  combine the hydrogen with water molecules to generate hydrogen peroxide.
B)  combine the hydrogen with hydrogen peroxide to generate water.
C)  combine the hydrogen with hydrogen peroxide to generate oxygen and water.
D)  combine the hydrogen with oxygen molecules to generate hydrogen peroxide.E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 15

The total volume of plant cells is often significantly greater than the total volume in animal cells.The most reasonable explanation for this observation is that

Accepted Answer

A)  plant cells are capable of having a much higher surface-to-volume ratio than animal cells.
B)  plant cells have a much more highly convoluted (folded) plasma membrane than animal cells.
C)  plant cells contain a large vacuole that occupies much of the volume of the cell.
D)  animal cells are spherical,whereas plant cells are elongated.E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 16

Motor proteins provide for molecular transport of materials in cells by interacting with what type(s) of cellular structures?

Accepted Answer

A)  the nuclear envelope
B)  membrane proteins
C)  the extracellular matrix
D)  cytoskeletal structures
E)  cellulose fibers in the cell wallF) A) and C)
G) All of the above

Question 17

Intermediate filaments attach to which of the following structures in the plasma membrane?

Accepted Answer

A)  extracellular matrix
B)  gap junctions
C)  tight junctions
D)  middle lamella
E)  desmosomesF) B) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 18

Which structure is common to plant and animal cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  chloroplast
B)  wall made of cellulose
C)  mitochondrion
D)  centrioleE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 19

When biologists wish to study the internal ultrastructure of cells,they can achieve the finest resolution by using a

Accepted Answer

A)  phase-contrast light microscope.
B)  scanning electron microscope.
C)  transmission electronic microscope.
D)  confocal fluorescence microscope.E) B) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 20

Which of the following statements concerning cells of bacteria and archaea is correct?

Accepted Answer

A)  Archaea contain small membrane-enclosed organelles;bacteria do not.
B)  Archaea contain a membrane-bound nucleus;bacteria do not.
C)  Chromosomes in both archaea and bacteria contain DNA.
D)  Mitochondria are present in some bacteria and all archaea.E) A) and C)
F) B) and D)

Exam 4: A Tour of the Cell

Which structure is not part of the endomembrane system?

Correct AnswerverifiedB

A mutation that inactivates an enzyme involved in the modification of sugars associated with glycoproteins is most likely to affect the function of which of the following cellular structures?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Some key innovations in the evolution of eukaryotic cells from a prokaryotic ancestor are membrane-bound organelles.Which of the following organelles or features is a common structure shared by both eukaryotic cells and their prokaryotic ancestors?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A researcher disrupts cells and separates subcellular components using centrifugation.Which of the following correctly lists the order in which cellular components will pellet when disrupted cell mixtures are centrifuged at increasingly higher speeds?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A cell with an abundance of free ribosomes is most likely carrying out which of the following processes?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The extracellular matrix may influence animal cell behavior by communicating information from the outside to the cytoskeleton of the cell via which of the following molecules or structures?

Correct AnswerverifiedC

Which of the following statements correctly describes a function of the Golgi apparatus?

Correct AnswerverifiedB

Which organelle or structure is primarily involved in the synthesis of oils,phospholipids,and steroids?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Hydrolytic enzymes must be segregated and packaged to prevent general destruction of cellular components.In animal cells,which of the following organelles contains these hydrolytic enzymes?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

One of the key innovations in the evolution of eukaryotes from a prokaryotic ancestor is the endomembrane system.Which eukaryotic organelles or features might have evolved as a part of,or as an elaboration of,the endomembrane system?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In an animal cell,DNA may be found in which of the following organelles?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When a potassium ion (K+) moves from the soil into the vacuole of a cell on the surface of a root,it must pass through several cellular structures.Which of the following correctly describes the order in which these structures will be encountered by the ion?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Thylakoids,DNA,and ribosomes are all components found in

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In a liver cell detoxifying alcohol and some other poisons,the enzymes of the peroxisome remove hydrogen from these molecules and

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The total volume of plant cells is often significantly greater than the total volume in animal cells.The most reasonable explanation for this observation is that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Motor proteins provide for molecular transport of materials in cells by interacting with what type(s) of cellular structures?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Intermediate filaments attach to which of the following structures in the plasma membrane?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which structure is common to plant and animal cells?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When biologists wish to study the internal ultrastructure of cells,they can achieve the finest resolution by using a

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements concerning cells of bacteria and archaea is correct?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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When a potassium ion (K⁺) moves from the soil into the vacuole of a cell on the surface of a root,it must pass through several cellular structures.Which of the following correctly describes the order in which these structures will be encountered by the ion?

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