Question 1

Excretion of dilute urine requires _ .

Accepted Answer

A)  impermeability of the collecting tubule to water
B)  the presence of ADH
C)  transport of sodium and chloride ions out of the descending loop of Henle
D)  relative permeability of the distal tubule to waterE) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 2

The macula densa cells respond to _.

Accepted Answer

A)  changes in solute content of the filtrate
B)  aldosterone
C)  antidiuretic hormone
D)  changes in pressure in the tubuleE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 3

The filtration membrane includes all except .

Accepted Answer

A)  renal fascia
B)  basement membrane
C)  glomerular endothelium
D)  podocytesE) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 4

Which of the following is not a part of the juxtaglomerular apparatus?

Accepted Answer

A)  macula densa
B)  granular cells
C)  podocyte cells
D)  mesangial cellsE) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 5

The mechanism that establishes the medullary osmotic gradient depends most on the permeability properties of the .

Accepted Answer

A)  glomerular filtration membrane
B)  loop of Henle
C)  distal convoluted tubule
D)  collecting ductE) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 6

If the Tm for a particular amino acid is 120 mg/100 ml and the concentration of that amino acid in the blood is 230 mg/100 ml,the amino acid will .

Accepted Answer

A)  be reabsorbed by secondary active transport
B)  appear in the urine
C)  be completely reabsorbed by the tubule cells
D)  be actively secreted into the filtrateE) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 7

List and describe three pressures operating at the filtration membrane,and explain how each influences net filtration pressure.

Accepted Answer

Glomerular hydrostatic pressure is the c...

Question 8

The function of angiotensin II is to .

Accepted Answer

A)  decrease arterial blood pressure
B)  decrease water absorption
C)  decrease the production of aldosterone
D)  constrict arterioles and increase blood pressureE) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 9

Most electrolyte reabsorption by the renal tubules is .

Accepted Answer

A)  not Tm limited
B)  completed by the time the loop of Henle is reached
C)  in the distal convoluted tubule
D)  hormonally controlled in distal tubule segmentsE) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 10

The factor favoring filtrate formation at the glomerulus is the .

Accepted Answer

A)  colloid osmotic pressure of the blood
B)  myogenic mechanism
C)  capsular hydrostatic pressure
D)  glomerular hydrostatic pressureE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 11

An increase in the permeability of the cells of the collecting tubule to water is due to an)  .

Accepted Answer

A)  increase in the production of aldosterone
B)  increase in the production of ADH
C)  decrease in the concentration of the blood plasma
D)  decrease in the production of ADHE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 12

Which of the choices below is not a method by which the cells of the renal tubules can raise blood pH?

Accepted Answer

A)  by secreting sodium ions
B)  by producing new bicarbonate ions
C)  by secreting hydrogen ions into the filtrate
D)  by reabsorbing filtered bicarbonate ionsE) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 13

Freshly voided urine has very little smell,but shortly after voiding it can give off a very strong smell.Why?

Accepted Answer

Freshly voided urine is relatively steri...

Question 14

The artery lies on the boundary between the cortex and medulla of the kidney.

Accepted Answer

A)  lobar
B)  interlobar
C)  arcuate
D)  cortical radiateE) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 15

The renal corpuscle is made up of .

Accepted Answer

A)  the renal papilla
B)  the descending loop of Henle
C)  the renal pyramid
D)  Bowman's capsule and glomerulusE) B) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 16

Humans can survive for a period of time without water thanks to the ability of the kidneys to produce concentrated urine.Briefly explain the factors that allow this to happen.

Accepted Answer

Facultative water reabsorption depends o...

Question 17

Select the correct statement about the nephrons.

Accepted Answer

A)  Filtration slits are the pores that give fenestrated capillaries their name.
B)  Podocytes are the branching epithelial cells that line the tubules of the nephron.
C)  The parietal layer of the glomerular capsule is simple squamous epithelium.
D)  The glomerulus is correctly described as the proximal end of the proximal convoluted tubule.E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 18

Tubular reabsorption .

Accepted Answer

A)  includes substances such as creatinine
B)  is a way for the body to get rid of unwanted waste
C)  by active mechanisms usually involves movement against an electrical and/or chemical gradient
D)  by passive processes requires ATP to move solutes from the interior of the tubule to the bloodE) B) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 19

Which of the choices below is the salt level- monitoring part of the nephron?

Accepted Answer

A)  macula densa
B)  principal cell
C)  loop of Henle
D)  vasa rectaE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 20

The fatty tissue surrounding the kidneys is important because it .

Accepted Answer

A)  produces vitamin D
B)  ensures adequate energy for the adrenal glands to operate efficiently
C)  stabilizes the position of the kidneys by holding them in their normal position
D)  is necessary as a barrier between the adrenal glands and kidneysE) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Exam 24: The Urinary System

Tubular reabsorption .

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the choices below is the salt level- monitoring part of the nephron?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The renal corpuscle is made up of .

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The factor favoring filtrate formation at the glomerulus is the .

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An increase in the permeability of the cells of the collecting tubule to water is due to an) .

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The macula densa cells respond to _.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The function of angiotensin II is to .

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If the Tm for a particular amino acid is 120 mg/100 ml and the concentration of that amino acid in the blood is 230 mg/100 ml,the amino acid will .

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The fatty tissue surrounding the kidneys is important because it .

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

List and describe three pressures operating at the filtration membrane,and explain how each influences net filtration pressure.

Correct AnswerverifiedGlomerular hydrostatic pressure is the c...View AnswerShow Answer

Which of the choices below is not a method by which the cells of the renal tubules can raise blood pH?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The artery lies on the boundary between the cortex and medulla of the kidney.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Humans can survive for a period of time without water thanks to the ability of the kidneys to produce concentrated urine.Briefly explain the factors that allow this to happen.

Correct AnswerverifiedFacultative water reabsorption depends o...View AnswerShow Answer

Excretion of dilute urine requires _ .

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Select the correct statement about the nephrons.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The filtration membrane includes all except .

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is not a part of the juxtaglomerular apparatus?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Most electrolyte reabsorption by the renal tubules is .

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The mechanism that establishes the medullary osmotic gradient depends most on the permeability properties of the .

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Freshly voided urine has very little smell,but shortly after voiding it can give off a very strong smell.Why?

Correct AnswerverifiedFreshly voided urine is relatively steri...View AnswerShow Answer

Correct Answer
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Glomerular hydrostatic pressure is the c...
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Facultative water reabsorption depends o...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Freshly voided urine is relatively steri...
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