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If the people who take early retirement are not counted in the working -age population, then


A) the labor force participation rate would be less.
B) the unemployment rate would be lower.
C) the labor force participation rate would be higher.
D) the unemployment rate would be higher.

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

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When cyclical unemployment is zero,


A) the unemployment rate equals the natural unemployment rate.
B) cyclical and frictional unemployment are zero.
C) structural unemployment is zero.
D) frictional unemployment is zero.

E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

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 Year  CPI 199715251998157.01999160.62000163.12001166.720021723\begin{array}{|l|l|}\hline \text { Year } & \text { CPI } \\\hline 1997 & 1525 \\\hline 1998 & 157.0 \\\hline 1999 & 160.6 \\\hline 2000 & 163.1 \\\hline 2001 & 166.7 \\\hline 2002 & 1723 \\\hline\end{array} -The table above gives the U.S. CPI for six years. Calculate the inflation rates between 1997 to 1998, 1998 to 1999, 1999 to 2000, 2000 to 2001, and 2001 to 2002.

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Between 1997 to 1998, the inflation rate...

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 Category  Number  (millions)   Discouraged workers 15 Unemployed workers 40 Employed workers 100 Population (16 years and over)  225\begin{array}{|l|l|}\hline \text { Category } & \begin{array}{l}\text { Number } \\\text { (millions) }\end{array} \\\hline \text { Discouraged workers } & 15 \\\hline \text { Unemployed workers } & 40 \\\hline \text { Employed workers } & 100 \\\hline \text { Population (16 years and over) } & 225 \\\hline\end{array} -In the above table, the unemployment rate is


A) 18 percent.
B) 29 percent.
C) 6 percent.
D) 24 percent.

E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

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Suppose that the U.S. population is 275 million. Also assume that the labor force is 135 million and that 130 million people are employed. Calculate the unemployment rate.

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The unemployment rat...

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Define and give an example of how a spell of frictional unemployment can begin.

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Frictional unemployment is the unemploym...

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20102011 Item  Quantity  Price  Quantity  Price  Books 10$308$50 Pens 20$115$2\begin{array}{|l|l|l|l|l|}\hline &2010&&2011\\\hline \text { Item } & \text { Quantity } & \text { Price } & \text { Quantity } & \text { Price } \\\hline \text { Books } & 10 & \$ 30 & 8 & \$ 50 \\\hline \text { Pens } & 20 & \$ 1 & 15 & \$ 2 \\\hline\end{array} -In 2010, consumers in Dexter consumed only books and pens. The prices and quantities for 2010 and 2011 are listed in the table above. The reference base period for Dexter?s CPI is 2010. What is the CPI in 2010?


A) 1.00
B) 320
C) 100
D) 3.20

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

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When the economy is operating at full employment, the natural unemployment rate consists of only


A) frictional and structural unemployment.
B) frictional and cyclical unemployment.
C) cyclical unemployment.
D) structural and cyclical unemployment.

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

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When economists speak of full employment, they refer to the case in which the sum of frictional and structural unemployment is


A) equal to the actual amount of unemployment.
B) equal to zero.
C) greater than the level of deficient demand unemployment.
D) falling over time.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

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If the Consumer Price Index last year was 110 and 115 this year, the inflation rate is approximately


A) 15.0 percent.
B) 4.5 percent.
C) 5.0 percent.
D) 10.0 percent.

E) C) and D)
F) A) and C)

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The labor force is defined as people


A) who have a job or are looking for a job.
B) who are 16 years of age or older.
C) in the working-age population who have a full time job.
D) in the working-age population who have a job.

E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

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 Year  Price level 200891200910020101102011121\begin{array} { | l | l | } \hline \text { Year } & \text { Price level } \\\hline 2008 & 91 \\\hline 2009 & 100 \\\hline 2010 & 110 \\\hline 2011 & 121 \\\hline\end{array} -In the above table, the inflation rate between 2009 and 2010 is approximately


A) 10 percent.
B) 110 percent.
C) 9 percent.
D) 100 percent.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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When a worker quits a job to look for a better job,


A) frictional unemployment increases.
B) structural unemployment decreases.
C) cyclical unemployment increases.
D) structural and cyclical unemployment increase.

E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

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An individual with good job prospects who is between jobs is best considered as


A) not in the labor force.
B) structurally unemployed.
C) frictionally unemployed.
D) cyclically unemployed.

E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

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The table below shows Vietnam?s price index between 2004 and 2007.  Year  Price Index 2004115.152005124.6520061342007145.12\begin{array} { | l | l | } \hline \text { Year } & \text { Price Index } \\\hline 2004 & 115.15 \\\hline 2005 & 124.65 \\\hline 2006 & 134 \\\hline 2007 & 145.12 \\\hline\end{array} From the data, we can conclude that


A) the inflation rate 2005 and 2006 was 7.5 percent.
B) commodity substitution bias occurred over the four years.
C) food and energy prices in Vietnam were increasing between 2004 and 2007.
D) deflation occurred between 2005 and 2006 as price increased more slowly than in 2004.

E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

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Is the CPI a biased measure of the inflation rate? Explain your answer.

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There are at least four sources of bias ...

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Catherine quit her job in order to look for a new one; therefore, she is best considered as


A) structurally unemployed.
B) frictionally unemployed.
C) cyclically unemployed.
D) seasonally unemployed.

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

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Which of the following means that the CPI overstates the actual inflation rate?


A) new goods bias
B) outlet substitution bias
C) quality change bias
D) All of the above cause the CPI to overstate inflation

E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

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 Total  population  (millions)   Currently  employed  (millions)   Not working  and looking for  work (millions)   Want to work but  no longer looking  for work  (millions)  804024\begin{array} { | c | l | l | l | } \hline \begin{array} { l } \text { Total } \\\text { population } \\\text { (millions) }\end{array} & \begin{array} { c } \text { Currently } \\\text { employed } \\\text { (millions) }\end{array} & \begin{array} { c } \text { Not working } \\\text { and looking for } \\\text { work (millions) }\end{array} & \begin{array} { c } \text { Want to work but } \\\text { no longer looking } \\\text { for work } \\\text { (millions) }\end{array} \\\hline 80 & 40 & 2 & 4 \\\hline\end{array} -The labor force participation rate shows the percentage of


A) people not working, but who want to work.
B) non-institutionalized working-age people who are actually working or seeking employment.
C) people who are not actively participating in meaningful economic activity.
D) new entrants into the labor force.

E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

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Define the unemployment rate and labor -force participation rate. Discuss the differences between these two rates.

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The unemployment rate is defined as [num...

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