Question 1

The _____ is the view that language structures the way we view the world.

Accepted Answer

A)   nativist theory of language development
B)   empiricist theory of language acquisition
C)   observer-expectancy effect
D)   linguistic-relativity hypothesisE) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 2

Which of the following statements is true of prelinguistic vocalizations?

Accepted Answer

A)   Babies' babbling frequently combines consonants and vowels.
B)   During the second month, babies begin babbling.
C)   Crying is a representation of language.
D)   Unlike crying, babbling and cooing are prelinguistic.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 3

A(n) __________is a single word used by children to express complex meanings.

Accepted Answer

A)   heuristic
B)   anagram
C)   holophrase
D)   prototypeE) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Question 4

The MacArthur Longitudinal Twin Study found that__________were more similar than fraternal twins in spatial memory, ability to categorize things, and word comprehension.

Accepted Answer

A)   false twins
B)   dizygotic twins
C)   monozygotic twins
D)   binovular twinsE) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 5

Which of the following statements is true of thinking?

Accepted Answer

A)   It is an unplanned process.
B)   It proceeds on its own.
C)   It is represented by mental processes such as daydreaming.
D)   It involves paying attention to information.E) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 6

Which of the following statements is true of language?

Accepted Answer

A)   Humans are known to have no semanticity or displacement in their language.
B)   Language makes it possible for one person to communicate knowledge to another.
C)   With language, sounds or signs are not symbols for objects and actions.
D)   Language takes away all the units of thinking.E) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

Question 7

In the context of creativity and intelligence, creative problem solving demands convergent rather than divergent thinking.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Ryan is telling his grandchildren stories about growing up in another country. He describes his school and memories about his childhood friends. In this scenario, Ryan's ability to communicate his experiences about different times and places illustrates the quality of language known as _____.

Accepted Answer

A)   centration
B)   displacement
C)   overextension
D)   overregularizationE) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 9

Patricia, a three-year-old girl, is having dinner. She looks at her father and says, "I eated food." In this scenario, Patricia is exhibiting _____.

Accepted Answer

A)   divergent thinking
B)   cognitive dissonance
C)   overregularization
D)   counterconditioningE) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 10

_____ refers to conscious, planned attempts to make sense of and change the world.

Accepted Answer

A)   Free association
B)   Thinking
C)   Overregularization
D)   Operant conditioningE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 11

In the context of problem solving, _____ involves dealing simultaneously with two or more elements of the problems.

Accepted Answer

A)   serial processing
B)   overextension
C)   parallel processing
D)   overregularizationE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 12

Pointing to a cat and saying, "This is not a dog" is a(n) __________of the dog concept.

Accepted Answer

A)   hypermorph
B)   positive instance
C)   hypomorph
D)   negative instanceE) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 13

Which of the following statements is true of communication by nonhumans?

Accepted Answer

A)   Spontaneous language development does not occur in nonhumans.
B)   Nonhumans do not show enlargement in the left hemisphere of the cerebral cortex.
C)   Apes cannot be taught to communicate.
D)   Although apes do not speak, they have been taught to use American Sign Language.E) B) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 14

In the context of the Wechsler scales, nontechnically oriented college students often attain higher performance than verbal intelligence quotients (IQs).

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Tiffany asks her son to reorganize groups of letters such as "skosc," "odg," "imal," and "orod" into words. In this scenario, Tiffany is using _____ of the words socks, dog, mail, and door.

Accepted Answer

A)   algorithms
B)   anagrams
C)   overextensions
D)   prototypesE) B) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 16

In 1904, British psychologist Charles Spearman suggested that the behaviors we consider intelligent have a common underlying factor called__________, which includes broad reasoning and problem-solving abilities.

Accepted Answer

A)   general intelligence
B)   spatial intelligence
C)   naturalist intelligence
D)   existential intelligenceE) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 17

In the context of the theories of intelligence,__________resembles two of Howard Gardner's "intelligences"-intrapersonal skills and interpersonal skills.

Accepted Answer

A)   creative intelligence
B)   practical intelligence
C)   emotional intelligence
D)   analytical intelligenceE) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 18

According to__________, language acquisition involves the interaction of environmental influences and the inborn tendency to acquire language.

Accepted Answer

A)   linguistic chauvinism
B)   the empiricist theory of language acquisition
C)   the triarchic theory of intelligence
D)   psycholinguistic theoryE) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 19

The__________is a decision-making heuristic in which people make judgments about samples according to the populations they appear to depict.

Accepted Answer

A)   anchoring heuristic
B)   availability heuristic
C)   representativeness heuristic
D)   adjustment heuristicE) A) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 20

The _____ groups test questions into a number of separate subtests where each subtest measures a different intellectual task.

Accepted Answer

A)   Reynolds Intellectual Assessment Scale
B)   Stanford-Binet Intelligence Scale
C)   Binet-Simon scale
D)   Wechsler scaleE) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Exam 7: Thinking, Language, and Intelligence

In the context of problem solving, _____ involves dealing simultaneously with two or more elements of the problems.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The__________is a decision-making heuristic in which people make judgments about samples according to the populations they appear to depict.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements is true of thinking?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The _____ is the view that language structures the way we view the world.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Tiffany asks her son to reorganize groups of letters such as "skosc," "odg," "imal," and "orod" into words. In this scenario, Tiffany is using _____ of the words socks, dog, mail, and door.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The MacArthur Longitudinal Twin Study found that__________were more similar than fraternal twins in spatial memory, ability to categorize things, and word comprehension.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements is true of prelinguistic vocalizations?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

_____ refers to conscious, planned attempts to make sense of and change the world.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Pointing to a cat and saying, "This is not a dog" is a(n) __________of the dog concept.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements is true of language?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the context of the theories of intelligence,__________resembles two of Howard Gardner's "intelligences"-intrapersonal skills and interpersonal skills.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the context of the Wechsler scales, nontechnically oriented college students often attain higher performance than verbal intelligence quotients (IQs).

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the context of creativity and intelligence, creative problem solving demands convergent rather than divergent thinking.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to__________, language acquisition involves the interaction of environmental influences and the inborn tendency to acquire language.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements is true of communication by nonhumans?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Patricia, a three-year-old girl, is having dinner. She looks at her father and says, "I eated food." In this scenario, Patricia is exhibiting _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The _____ groups test questions into a number of separate subtests where each subtest measures a different intellectual task.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A(n) __________is a single word used by children to express complex meanings.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In 1904, British psychologist Charles Spearman suggested that the behaviors we consider intelligent have a common underlying factor called__________, which includes broad reasoning and problem-solving abilities.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Ryan is telling his grandchildren stories about growing up in another country. He describes his school and memories about his childhood friends. In this scenario, Ryan's ability to communicate his experiences about different times and places illustrates the quality of language known as _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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