Question 1

How do calcitonin and parathyroid hormone interact to regulate blood calcium levels?

Accepted Answer

They act as antagonists. Calci...

Question 2

Thymosin, produced by the thymus, stimulates the maturation of

Accepted Answer

A)   all white blood cells.
B)   B cells.
C)   both T and B cells.
D)   red blood cells.
E)   T cells.F) C) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 3

When a blood vessel is damaged, platelets adhere to the damaged site and release chemicals, which attract additional platelets. Thus, platelet attraction is considered to be a_________feedback mechanism.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When a blood vessel is damaged, platelets...

Question 4

During childbirth, the hormone oxytocin stimulates the smooth muscles of the uterus to contract; however, smooth muscles lining the digestive tract are not affected by oxytocin. Which statement correctly explains this scenario?

Accepted Answer

A)   Smooth muscles of the digestive tract do not contain receptors for oxytocin.
B)   Oxytocin is a local hormone released by the uterus, so other muscles do not receive its signals.
C)   Endocrine hormones such as oxytocin do not travel through the blood, so they do not make contact with digestive tract muscles.
D)   The digestive tract muscles of the motherʹs body are temporarily paralyzed by the anti -pain medications administered during labor.
E)   Oxytocin is released by the fetus and diffuses into the amniotic fluid inside the uterus. Therefore, only uterine muscles are stimulated.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 5

In paracrine communication, paracrine glands secrete their products directly into the bloodstream.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 6

Oxytocin and ADH are produced by the neurosecretory cells of the hypothalamus; however, they are stored in and released from the

Accepted Answer

A)   adrenal medulla.
B)   pancreas.
C)   thyroid.
D)   parathyroid.
E)   posterior pituitary.F) B) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 7

Why do hormones affect some cells but not others?

Accepted Answer

Cells respond only t...

Question 8

Which of the following causes cervical dilation and helps stimulate uterine contractions during labor?

Accepted Answer

A)   Oxytocin
B)   Progesterone
C)   Acetylcholine
D)   Prostaglandins
E)   EstrogenF) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 9

The hormone interaction in this figure is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)   transmission at a gap junction.
B)   a negative feedback mechanism.
C)   blood glucose regulation.
D)   the effects of endocrine disruptors.
E)   a positive feedback mechanism.F) D) and E)
G) B) and C)

Question 10

If you eat a meal that is high in sugar, which hormone will stimulate your cells to remove the sugar from your blood?

Accepted Answer

A)   Glucagon
B)   Glycogen
C)   Glucocorticoids
D)   Insulin
E)   ThyroxineF) C) and D)
G) B) and D)

Question 11

Some doctors prescribe synthetic thyroxine for weight loss even when circulating levels are normal. Will this work? What side effects are possible?

Accepted Answer

Thyroxine increases metabolism...

Question 12

When you scratch a mosquito bite, you damage some cells. Damaged cells release histamine, which causes localized swelling that can crush additional cells, causing the release of more histamine. This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)   positive feedback.
B)   negative feedback.
C)   neurotransmitter activity.
D)   paracrine communication.
E)   synaptic communication.F) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 13

Several hours after a meal, glucagon increases blood glucose levels by activating an enzyme that breaks down glycogen, which is stored primarily in the

Accepted Answer

A)   small intestine.
B)   heart.
C)   kidneys.
D)   pancreas.
E)   liver.F) A) and B)
G) D) and E)

Question 14

What are prostaglandins?

Accepted Answer

A)   Modified fatty acids
B)   Peptides or proteins
C)   Carbohydrates
D)   Modified amino acids
E)   SteroidsF) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 15

Thymosin is a hormone produced by the thymus gland. If production of thymosin is inhibited, then

Accepted Answer

A)   dehydration occurs.
B)   T cells do not develop.
C)   bone density decreases.
D)   progesterone production stops.
E)   blood glucose levels fluctuate wildly.F) None of the above
G) A) and B)

Question 16

Insulin production is regulated by a positive feedback loop that helps maintain healthy blood sugar levels.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Iodized salt provides the essential nutrient iodine. Iodine is important in preventing

Accepted Answer

A)   gigantism.
B)   diabetes.
C)   menstrual cramps.
D)   high blood pressure.
E)   a goiter.F) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 18

Which of the following glands produces hormones that regulate the secretory activity of other endocrine glands?

Accepted Answer

A)   Ovaries and testes
B)   Adrenal cortex
C)   Pancreas
D)   Thyroid
E)   Anterior pituitaryF) B) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 19

What is the effect of increased levels of parathyroid hormone?

Accepted Answer

A)   Increased blood calcium levels
B)   Decreased metabolism
C)   Increased estrogen levels
D)   Decreased blood calcium levels
E)   Increased metabolismF) B) and D)
G) C) and D)

Question 20

Which of these hormones does the posterior pituitary release?

Accepted Answer

A)   Cortisol
B)   Gonadotropins
C)   Growth hormone
D)   ADH
E)   Adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) F) B) and C)
G) A) and B)

Exam 38: Chemical Control of the Animal Body: the Endocrine System

What is the effect of increased levels of parathyroid hormone?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Oxytocin and ADH are produced by the neurosecretory cells of the hypothalamus; however, they are stored in and released from the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Insulin production is regulated by a positive feedback loop that helps maintain healthy blood sugar levels.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Thymosin, produced by the thymus, stimulates the maturation of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of these hormones does the posterior pituitary release?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following glands produces hormones that regulate the secretory activity of other endocrine glands?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Several hours after a meal, glucagon increases blood glucose levels by activating an enzyme that breaks down glycogen, which is stored primarily in the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Some doctors prescribe synthetic thyroxine for weight loss even when circulating levels are normal. Will this work? What side effects are possible?

Correct AnswerverifiedThyroxine increases metabolism...View AnswerShow Answer

What are prostaglandins?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If you eat a meal that is high in sugar, which hormone will stimulate your cells to remove the sugar from your blood?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Why do hormones affect some cells but not others?

Correct AnswerverifiedCells respond only t...View AnswerShow Answer

During childbirth, the hormone oxytocin stimulates the smooth muscles of the uterus to contract; however, smooth muscles lining the digestive tract are not affected by oxytocin. Which statement correctly explains this scenario?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When you scratch a mosquito bite, you damage some cells. Damaged cells release histamine, which causes localized swelling that can crush additional cells, causing the release of more histamine. This is an example of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The hormone interaction in this figure is an example of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Thymosin is a hormone produced by the thymus gland. If production of thymosin is inhibited, then

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Iodized salt provides the essential nutrient iodine. Iodine is important in preventing

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In paracrine communication, paracrine glands secrete their products directly into the bloodstream.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When a blood vessel is damaged, platelets adhere to the damaged site and release chemicals, which attract additional platelets. Thus, platelet attraction is considered to be a_________feedback mechanism.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following causes cervical dilation and helps stimulate uterine contractions during labor?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How do calcitonin and parathyroid hormone interact to regulate blood calcium levels?

Correct AnswerverifiedThey act as antagonists. Calci...View AnswerShow Answer

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Thyroxine increases metabolism...
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Cells respond only t...
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They act as antagonists. Calci...
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