Question 1

Which of the following methods is utilized by eukaryotes to control their gene expression that is different from the type of control found in bacteria?

Accepted Answer

A)   control of chromatin remodeling
B)   control of RNA splicing
C)   transcriptional control
D)   control of both RNA splicing and chromatin remodelingE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 2

Under what conditions does the trp repressor block transcription of the trp operon?

Accepted Answer

A)   when the repressor binds to the inducer
B)   when the repressor binds to tryptophan
C)   when the repressor is not bound to tryptophan
D)   when the repressor is not bound to the operatorE) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 3

The functioning of enhancers is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)   a eukaryotic equivalent of prokaryotic promoter functioning.
B)   transcriptional control of gene expression.
C)   the stimulation of translation by initiation factors.
D)   post-translational control that activates certain proteins.E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 4

When taken up by a cell, which of the following molecules binds to a repressor so that the repressor no longer binds to the operator?

Accepted Answer

A)   inducer
B)   promoter
C)   repressor
D)   corepressorE) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 5

Which of the following functions are characteristic of general transcription factors in eukaryotes?

Accepted Answer

A)   They bind to other proteins or to the TATA box.
B)   They inhibit RNA polymerase binding to the promoter and begin transcribing.
C)   They usually lead to a high level of transcription even without additional specific transcription factors.
D)   They bind to sequences just after the start site of transcription.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 6

Which of the following molecules are involved in pattern formation during development?

Accepted Answer

A)   cytoplasmic determinants
B)   miRNAs
C)   cAMP
D)   transcription factorsE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 7

The reason for differences in the sets of proteins expressed in a nerve and a pancreatic cell of the same individual is that nerve and pancreatic cells contain different ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   genes
B)   regulatory sequences
C)   sets of regulatory proteins
D)   promotersE) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 8

Which of the following statements correctly describes the primary difference between enhancers and proximal control elements?

Accepted Answer

A)   Enhancers are transcription factors; proximal control elements are DNA sequences.
B)   Enhancers improve transcription; proximal control elements inhibit transcription.
C)   Enhancers are located considerable distances from the promoter; proximal control elements are close to the promoter.
D)   Enhancers are DNA sequences; proximal control elements are proteins.E) A) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 9

Suppose an experimenter becomes proficient with a technique that allows her to move DNA sequences within a prokaryotic genome. If a researcher moves the operator to the far end of the operon, past the transacetylase (lacA)  gene, which of the following processes would likely occur when the cell is exposed to lactose?

Accepted Answer

A)   The inducer will no longer bind to the repressor.
B)   The repressor will no longer bind to the operator.
C)   The operon will never be transcribed.
D)   The genes of the lac operon will be transcribed continuously.E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 10

Which of the following results would occur if the repressor of an inducible operon were mutated so that it could not bind the operator?

Accepted Answer

A)   the irreversible binding of the repressor to the promoter
B)   the reduced transcription of the operon's genes
C)   the continuous transcription of the operon's genes
D)   the overproduction of cAMP receptor protein (CRP) E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 11

Which of the following statements best describes the characteristics of siRNA?

Accepted Answer

A)   a double-stranded RNA, one of whose strands can complement and inactivate a sequence of mRNA
B)   a single-stranded RNA that can, where it has internal complementary base pairs, fold into cloverleaf patterns
C)   a double-stranded RNA that is formed by cleavage of hairpin loops in a larger precursor
D)   a portion of rRNA that allows it to bind to several ribosomal proteins in forming large or small subunitsE) A) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 12

What would occur if the repressor of an inducible operon were mutated so it could not bind the operator?

Accepted Answer

A)   irreversible binding of the repressor to the promoter
B)   reduced transcription of the operon's genes
C)   buildup of a substrate for the pathway controlled by the operon
D)   continuous transcription of the operon's genesE) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 13

Forms of the Ras protein found in tumors usually cause which of the following events to occur?

Accepted Answer

A)   DNA replication to stop
B)   cell-to-cell adhesion to be nonfunctional
C)   cell division to cease
D)   excessive cell divisionE) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 14

Absence of bicoid mRNA from a Drosophila egg leads to the absence of anterior larval body parts and mirror-image duplication of posterior parts. This is evidence that the product of the bicoid gene

Accepted Answer

A)   normally leads to formation of head structures.
B)   normally leads to formation of tail structures.
C)   is transcribed in the early embryo.
D)   is a protein present in all head structures.E) B) and D)
F) None of the above A

Question 15

A researcher introduces double-stranded RNA into a culture of mammalian cells and can identify its location or that of its smaller subsections experimentally, using a fluorescent probe. When she finds that the introduced strand separates into single-stranded RNAs, what other evidence of this single-stranded RNA piece's activity would she find?

Accepted Answer

A)   She can measure the degradation rate of the remaining single strand.
B)   The rate of accumulation of the polypeptide encoded by the target mRNA is reduced.
C)   The amount of miRNA is multiplied by its replication.
D)   The cell's translation ability is entirely shut down.E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 16

Proto-oncogenes can change into oncogenes that cause cancer. Which of the following best explains the presence of these potential time bombs in eukaryotic cells?

Accepted Answer

A)   Proto-oncogenes first arose from viral infections.
B)   Proto-oncogenes are mutant versions of normal genes.
C)   Proto-oncogenes are genetic "junk."
D)   Proto-oncogenes normally help regulate cell division.E) All of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 17

Which of the following processes would allow the detection of alternative splicing of transcripts from a given gene?

Accepted Answer

A)   Compare the DNA sequence of the given gene to that of a similar gene in a related organism.
B)   Measure the relative rates of transcription of the given gene compared to that of a gene known to be constitutively spliced.
C)   Compare the sequences of different primary transcripts made from the given gene.
D)   Compare the sequences of different mRNAs made from the given gene.E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 18

Which of the following molecules is a protein produced by a regulatory gene?

Accepted Answer

A)   operon
B)   inducer
C)   promoter
D)   repressorE) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 19

In colorectal cancer, several genes must be mutated for a cell to develop into a cancer cell. Which of the following kinds of genes would you expect to be mutated?

Accepted Answer

A)   genes coding for enzymes that act in the colon
B)   genes involved in control of the cell cycle
C)   genes that are especially susceptible to mutation
D)   genes of the bacteria, which are abundant in the colonE) None of the above
F) B) and D) B

Question 20

Most repressor proteins are allosteric. Which of the following molecules binds with the repressor to alter its conformation and therefore affect its function?

Accepted Answer

A)   inducer
B)   promoter
C)   transcription factor
D)   cAMPE) None of the above
F) A) and D) A

Exam 18: Regulation of Gene Expression

Which of the following methods is utilized by eukaryotes to control their gene expression that is different from the type of control found in bacteria?

Correct Answer
verified

Under what conditions does the trp repressor block transcription of the trp operon?

Correct Answer
verified

The functioning of enhancers is an example of

Correct Answer
verified

When taken up by a cell, which of the following molecules binds to a repressor so that the repressor no longer binds to the operator?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following functions are characteristic of general transcription factors in eukaryotes?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following molecules are involved in pattern formation during development?

Correct Answer
verified

The reason for differences in the sets of proteins expressed in a nerve and a pancreatic cell of the same individual is that nerve and pancreatic cells contain different ________.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following statements correctly describes the primary difference between enhancers and proximal control elements?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following results would occur if the repressor of an inducible operon were mutated so that it could not bind the operator?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following statements best describes the characteristics of siRNA?

Correct Answer
verified

What would occur if the repressor of an inducible operon were mutated so it could not bind the operator?

Correct Answer
verified

Forms of the Ras protein found in tumors usually cause which of the following events to occur?

Correct Answer
verified

Absence of bicoid mRNA from a Drosophila egg leads to the absence of anterior larval body parts and mirror-image duplication of posterior parts. This is evidence that the product of the bicoid gene

Correct Answer
verified
A

Correct Answer
verified

Proto-oncogenes can change into oncogenes that cause cancer. Which of the following best explains the presence of these potential time bombs in eukaryotic cells?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following processes would allow the detection of alternative splicing of transcripts from a given gene?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following molecules is a protein produced by a regulatory gene?

Correct Answer
verified

In colorectal cancer, several genes must be mutated for a cell to develop into a cancer cell. Which of the following kinds of genes would you expect to be mutated?

Correct Answer
verified
B

Most repressor proteins are allosteric. Which of the following molecules binds with the repressor to alter its conformation and therefore affect its function?

Correct Answer
verified
A

Exam 18: Regulation of Gene Expression

Which of the following methods is utilized by eukaryotes to control their gene expression that is different from the type of control found in bacteria?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Under what conditions does the trp repressor block transcription of the trp operon?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The functioning of enhancers is an example of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When taken up by a cell, which of the following molecules binds to a repressor so that the repressor no longer binds to the operator?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following functions are characteristic of general transcription factors in eukaryotes?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following molecules are involved in pattern formation during development?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The reason for differences in the sets of proteins expressed in a nerve and a pancreatic cell of the same individual is that nerve and pancreatic cells contain different ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements correctly describes the primary difference between enhancers and proximal control elements?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following results would occur if the repressor of an inducible operon were mutated so that it could not bind the operator?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements best describes the characteristics of siRNA?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What would occur if the repressor of an inducible operon were mutated so it could not bind the operator?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Forms of the Ras protein found in tumors usually cause which of the following events to occur?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Absence of bicoid mRNA from a Drosophila egg leads to the absence of anterior larval body parts and mirror-image duplication of posterior parts. This is evidence that the product of the bicoid gene

Correct AnswerverifiedA

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Proto-oncogenes can change into oncogenes that cause cancer. Which of the following best explains the presence of these potential time bombs in eukaryotic cells?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following processes would allow the detection of alternative splicing of transcripts from a given gene?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following molecules is a protein produced by a regulatory gene?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In colorectal cancer, several genes must be mutated for a cell to develop into a cancer cell. Which of the following kinds of genes would you expect to be mutated?

Correct AnswerverifiedB

Most repressor proteins are allosteric. Which of the following molecules binds with the repressor to alter its conformation and therefore affect its function?

Correct AnswerverifiedA

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A

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B

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A