Question 1

The mere exposure effect demonstrates that

Accepted Answer

A)   familiarity breeds contempt.
B)   opposites attract.
C)   birds of a feather flock together.
D)   familiarity breeds fondness.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 2

Noncompetitive contact between members of two different ethnic groups is likely to reduce prejudice when the contact is between individuals with

Accepted Answer

A)   ingroup bias.
B)   implicit prejudice.
C)   equal status.
D)   mirror-image perceptions.E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 3

Felippe, a 19-year-old university freshman, is very talkative, intelligent, assertive, and politically conservative. Research suggests that he would be most likely to develop a close friendship with

Accepted Answer

A)   Toren, who is talkative and assertive.
B)   Erez, who is quiet and passive.
C)   Tom, who is intelligent and quiet.
D)   Fabio, who is politically liberal and talkative.E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 4

Although the leaders of two enemy nations admit to a buildup of their own military forces, each sees the other country's actions as unreasonable and motivated by evil intentions. This situation best illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)   deindividuation.
B)   the mere exposure effect.
C)   the just-world phenomenon.
D)   mirror-image perceptions.E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 5

The belief that those who suffer deserve their fate is expressed in the

Accepted Answer

A)   just-world phenomenon.
B)   phenomenon of ingroup bias.
C)   fundamental attribution error.
D)   mirror-image perception principle.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 6

The affectionate attachment that keeps a relationship going after passionate feelings cool is known as

Accepted Answer

A)   altruism.
B)   self-disclosure.
C)   companionate love.
D)   the mere exposure effect.E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 7

Cognitive dissonance theory is most helpful for understanding the impact of

Accepted Answer

A)   groupthink on social conflict.
B)   deindividuation on the bystander effect.
C)   team membership on social loafing.
D)   role playing on attitude change.E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 8

Prejudice is best defined as

Accepted Answer

A)   the tendency to favor members of one's own group.
B)   an unjustifiable attitude toward a group and its members.
C)   a perceived incompatibility of actions or goals.
D)   the belief that victims of misfortune deserve their fate.E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 9

In which of the following groups is social loafing LEAST likely?

Accepted Answer

A)   girl scouts who must gather wood for a campfire
B)   restaurant food servers who are allowed to keep the individual tips they receive
C)   executive board members who each receive an equal share of the company profits
D)   students working on a group project for which they will all receive the sameE) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 10

To analyze how people explain others' behavior, Fritz Heider developed

Accepted Answer

A)   cognitive dissonance theory.
B)   social exchange theory.
C)   attribution theory.
D)   self-disclosure theory.E) A) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 11

When a leader of a caged monkey colony became threatening, one small monkey learned to push the control button activation a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)   food release mechanism.
B)   alcoholic drink dispenser.
C)   room lighting fixture.
D)   brain-implanted electrode.E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 12

After watching a large number of sexually violent movies, Ollie will probably be

Accepted Answer

A)   more likely to believe that such movies should be banned.
B)   less likely to believe that women are seriously harmed by rape.
C)   more likely to favor long prison sentences for convicted rapists.
D)   less likely to believe that women enjoy aggressive sexual treatment from men.E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 13

Which of the following is true of violent male criminals?

Accepted Answer

A)   They have relatively low levels of serotonin and high levels of testosterone.
B)   They have relatively high levels of serotonin and low levels of testosterone.
C)   They have relatively low levels of serotonin and low levels of testosterone.
D)   They have relatively high levels of serotonin and high levels of testosterone.E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 14

Professor Lindsten emphasized that aggressive behavior often involves the interactive influence of personal frustration, exposure to aggressive models, and heightened levels of arousal. The professor's emphasis best illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)   attribution theory.
B)   the reciprocity norm.
C)   social facilitation.
D)   a biopsychosocial approach.E) C) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 15

People tend to like the letters of their own name better than other letters. This is best explained in terms of

Accepted Answer

A)   social scripts.
B)   deindividuation.
C)   the mere exposure effect.
D)   the just world phenomenon.E) B) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 16

Group polarization refers to

Accepted Answer

A)   the lack of critical thinking that results from a strong desire for harmony within a group.
B)   a split within a group produced by striking differences of opinion among group members.
C)   the tendency of individuals to exert more effort when working as part of a group.
D)   the enhancement of a group's prevailing attitudes through group discussion.E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 17

By providing prospective terrorists with electronic chat rooms for interfacing on line with others who share their attitudes, the Internet most likely serves as a medium for

Accepted Answer

A)   social facilitation.
B)   the bystander effect.
C)   group polarization.
D)   cognitive dissonance.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 18

Gallup surveys indicate that Americans who frequently attend religious services are more likely than those who do not attend religious services to

Accepted Answer

A)   report that they volunteer helping the poor and infirm.
B)   demonstrate the bystander effect.
C)   violate the social-responsibility norm.
D)   base their altruistic acts on the principle of reciprocity.E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 19

An eagerness to believe that victims of a natural disaster are being punished by God for their sins is best explained in terms of

Accepted Answer

A)   deindividuation.
B)   ingroup bias.
C)   the bystander effect.
D)   the just-world phenomenon.E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Question 20

German university men administered hotter chili sauce to a woman after listening to women-hating lyrics. The song lyrics provided the university men with

Accepted Answer

A)   GRIT.
B)   a social script.
C)   deindividuation.
D)   superordinate goals.E) A) and C)
F) C) and D)

Exam 14: Stress and Health

An eagerness to believe that victims of a natural disaster are being punished by God for their sins is best explained in terms of

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Gallup surveys indicate that Americans who frequently attend religious services are more likely than those who do not attend religious services to

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The affectionate attachment that keeps a relationship going after passionate feelings cool is known as

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Professor Lindsten emphasized that aggressive behavior often involves the interactive influence of personal frustration, exposure to aggressive models, and heightened levels of arousal. The professor's emphasis best illustrates

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Cognitive dissonance theory is most helpful for understanding the impact of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Noncompetitive contact between members of two different ethnic groups is likely to reduce prejudice when the contact is between individuals with

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Although the leaders of two enemy nations admit to a buildup of their own military forces, each sees the other country's actions as unreasonable and motivated by evil intentions. This situation best illustrates

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

After watching a large number of sexually violent movies, Ollie will probably be

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The belief that those who suffer deserve their fate is expressed in the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

To analyze how people explain others' behavior, Fritz Heider developed

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The mere exposure effect demonstrates that

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Group polarization refers to

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Which of the following is true of violent male criminals?

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People tend to like the letters of their own name better than other letters. This is best explained in terms of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When a leader of a caged monkey colony became threatening, one small monkey learned to push the control button activation a(n)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

By providing prospective terrorists with electronic chat rooms for interfacing on line with others who share their attitudes, the Internet most likely serves as a medium for

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In which of the following groups is social loafing LEAST likely?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

German university men administered hotter chili sauce to a woman after listening to women-hating lyrics. The song lyrics provided the university men with

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Prejudice is best defined as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Felippe, a 19-year-old university freshman, is very talkative, intelligent, assertive, and politically conservative. Research suggests that he would be most likely to develop a close friendship with

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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