Question 1

Which one of the atoms shown would be most likely to form an anion with a charge of -1?

Accepted Answer

A)   
B)   
C)   
D)   E) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

Question 2

A covalent chemical bond is one in which ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   electrons are removed from one atom and transferred to another atom so that the two atoms become oppositely charged
B)   protons and neutrons are shared by two atoms so as to satisfy the requirements of both atoms
C)   outer-shell electrons of two atoms are shared so as to satisfactorily fill their respective orbitals
D)   outer-shell electrons of one atom are transferred to fill the inner electron shell of another atomE) All of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 3

Refer to the following figure to answer the questions below.
 
-Based on electron configuration, which of the elements in the figure would exhibit a chemical behavior most like that of oxygen?

Accepted Answer

A)   carbon
B)   nitrogen
C)   sulfur
D)   phosphorusE) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Question 4

The atomic number of chlorine is 17. The atomic number of magnesium is 12. What is the formula for magnesium chloride?

Accepted Answer

A)   MgCl
B)   MgCl₂
C)   Mg₂Cl
D)   MgCl₃E) None of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 5

Which of the following statements is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A)   Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, and calcium are the most abundant elements of living matter.
B)   Some naturally occurring elements are toxic to organisms.
C)   All life requires the same essential elements.
D)   A patient suffering from a goiter should not consume seafood.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 6

Can the atomic mass of an element vary?

Accepted Answer

A)   No, it is fixed; otherwise a new element will be formed.
B)   Yes. Adding or losing electrons will substantially change the atomic mass.
C)   Yes. Adding or losing protons will change the atomic mass without forming a different element.
D)   Yes. Adding or losing neutrons will change the atomic mass without forming a different element.E) B) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 7

Atoms have no electric charge because they have ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   uncharged neutrons in their nuclei
B)   an equal number of protons and neutrons
C)   an equal number of protons and electrons
D)   an equal number of charged and uncharged subatomic particlesE) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 8

Van der Waals interactions may result when ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   electrons are not symmetrically distributed in a molecule
B)   molecules held by ionic bonds react with water
C)   two polar covalent bonds react
D)   a hydrogen atom loses an electronE) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 9

The atomic number of nitrogen is 7. Nitrogen-15 has a greater mass number than nitrogen-14 because the atomic nucleus of nitrogen-15 contains ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   7 neutrons
B)   8 neutrons
C)   8 protons
D)   15 protonsE) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 10

In the following structure where A and B represent two different elements, the valency of A is ________ and B is ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   one; three
B)   one; five
C)   three; five
D)   eight; eightE) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 11

Nitrogen (N) is more electronegative than hydrogen (H) . Which of the following is a correct statement about the atoms in ammonia (NH₃) ?

Accepted Answer

A)   Each hydrogen atom has a partial positive charge; the nitrogen atom has a partial negative charge.
B)   Ammonia has an overall positive charge.
C)   Ammonia has an overall negative charge.
D)   The nitrogen atom has a partial positive charge; each hydrogen atom has a partial negative charge.E) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 12

What coefficients must be placed in the following blanks so that all atoms are accounted for in the products?
C₆H₁₂O₆ → ________ C₂H₆O + ________ CO₂

Accepted Answer

A)   2; 1
B)   3; 1
C)   1; 3
D)   2; 2E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 13

In the term trace element, the adjective trace means that

Accepted Answer

A)   the element is required in very small amounts.
B)   the element can be used as a label to trace atoms through an organism's metabolism.
C)   the element is very rare on Earth.
D)   the element enhances health but is not essential for the organism's long-term survival.E) B) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 14

Elements ⁷²Zn, ⁷⁵As, and ⁷⁴Ge have the ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   same number of protons
B)   same number of protons and electrons
C)   same number of neutrons
D)   same number of neutrons and electronsE) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

Question 15

Refer to the following figure to answer the questions below.
3H₂ + N₂  ⇌ \rightleftharpoons ⇌  2NH₃
-Which of the following correctly describes chemical equilibrium?

Accepted Answer

A)   Forward and reverse reactions continue with no net effect on the concentrations of the reactants and products.
B)   Concentrations of products are higher than the concentrations of the reactants.
C)   There are equal concentrations of products and reactants while forward and reverse reactions continue.
D)   There are equal concentrations of reactants and products, and the reactions have stopped. E) A) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 16

In a chemical reaction, the element ¹³Al will most preferably ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   lose three electrons and become positively charged
B)   gain five electrons and become negatively charged
C)   lose five electrons and become positively charged
D)   gain three electrons and become positively chargedE) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Question 17

The reactivity of an atom arises from

Accepted Answer

A)   the average distance of the outermost electron shell from the nucleus.
B)   the existence of unpaired electrons in the valence shell.
C)   the sum of the potential energies of all the electron shells.
D)   the potential energy of the valence shell.E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 18

Refer to the following figure to answer the questions below.
 
-When the atoms involved in a covalent bond have the same electronegativity, what type of bond results?

Accepted Answer

A)   an ionic bond
B)   a hydrogen bond
C)   a nonpolar covalent bond
D)   a polar covalent bondE) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 19

A(n) ________ has charge but negligible mass, whereas a(n) ________ has mass but no charge.

Accepted Answer

A)   proton; neutron
B)   neutron; proton
C)   neutron; electron
D)   electron; neutronE) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 20

Refer to the following figure (first three rows of the periodic table)  to answer the questions below.
 
-What element does not prefer to react with other elements?

Accepted Answer

A)   hydrogen
B)   helium
C)   beryllium
D)   both hydrogen and berylliumE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Exam 2: The Chemical Context of Life

In the following structure where A and B represent two different elements, the valency of A is ________ and B is ________.

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Van der Waals interactions may result when ________.

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A(n) ________ has charge but negligible mass, whereas a(n) ________ has mass but no charge.

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The reactivity of an atom arises from

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A covalent chemical bond is one in which ________.

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Elements ⁷²Zn, ⁷⁵As, and ⁷⁴Ge have the ________.

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Which one of the atoms shown would be most likely to form an anion with a charge of -1?

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The atomic number of nitrogen is 7. Nitrogen-15 has a greater mass number than nitrogen-14 because the atomic nucleus of nitrogen-15 contains ________.

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Can the atomic mass of an element vary?

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Which of the following statements is TRUE?

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Refer to the following figure (first three rows of the periodic table) to answer the questions below. -What element does not prefer to react with other elements?

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In a chemical reaction, the element ¹³Al will most preferably ________.

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In the term trace element, the adjective trace means that

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Refer to the following figure to answer the questions below. -When the atoms involved in a covalent bond have the same electronegativity, what type of bond results?

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Refer to the following figure to answer the questions below. 3H₂ + N₂ ⇌ \rightleftharpoons ⇌ 2NH₃ -Which of the following correctly describes chemical equilibrium?

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Nitrogen (N) is more electronegative than hydrogen (H) . Which of the following is a correct statement about the atoms in ammonia (NH₃) ?

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The atomic number of chlorine is 17. The atomic number of magnesium is 12. What is the formula for magnesium chloride?

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Atoms have no electric charge because they have ________.

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What coefficients must be placed in the following blanks so that all atoms are accounted for in the products? C₆H₁₂O₆ → ________ C₂H₆O + ________ CO₂

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Refer to the following figure to answer the questions below. -Based on electron configuration, which of the elements in the figure would exhibit a chemical behavior most like that of oxygen?

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In the following structure where A and B represent two different elements, the valency of A is and B is .

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A(n) has charge but negligible mass, whereas a(n) has mass but no charge.

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Refer to the following figure to answer the questions below. 3H₂ + N₂ $\rightleftharpoons$ 2NH₃ -Which of the following correctly describes chemical equilibrium?

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What coefficients must be placed in the following blanks so that all atoms are accounted for in the products? C₆H₁₂O₆ → C₂H₆O + CO₂

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