A) was considerably harsher than Lincoln's.
B) guaranteed former slaves the right to vote.
C) required that all former Confederate states ratify the Fourteenth Amendment.
D) offered a large role to poor and working-class whites.
E) encouraged new Southern regimes that were dominated by the old planter elite.
G) B) and D)
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A) citizenship and civil rights to freed slaves.
B) land for former slaves.
C) freedom to slaves.
D) freed slaves the right to vote.
E) education to former slaves.
G) B) and E)
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A) that there were deep differences between President Lincoln and Congress.
B) the close ties that were developing between President Lincoln and the Democrats.
C) President Lincoln's desire for a harsh reconstruction plan.
D) that a Congressional majority believed that the South had never legally left the Union.
E) the Republicans' fear of re-admitting Confederate leaders to Congress.
G) B) and D)
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A) educating blacks in their civic duties
B) campaigning for Republican candidates
C) helping blacks migrate from the South to the North
D) building black churches and schools
E) recruiting militias to protect black communities
G) A) and C)
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A) the states had adopted Black Codes that limited the civil rights of freed slaves.
B) the states had been readmitted without consultation with Congress.
C) many former Confederates were elected to high political office in those states.
D) it feared that the restored South would be stronger than ever in national politics.
E) many southerners still believed secession had been right.
G) A) and B)
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A) expanded the property rights of women
B) established public-school systems.
C) were dominated by African-Americans.
D) were troubled by graft and corruption.
E) refused to permit southern whites to hold office.
G) C) and E)
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A) the rights of blacks were being protected.
B) the transition to black freedom would be difficult.
C) the Civil War had been worth the sacrifice.
D) presidential Reconstruction was working.
E) possibly the North had not really won the Civil War.
G) B) and D)
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A) federal power must be used to bring about a social and economic revolution in the South.
B) blacks should be the foundation of the southern Republican Party.
C) the federal government must become involved in the individual lives of American citizens.
D) Southern states should quickly be readmitted into the Union.
E) freed slaves must be granted the right to vote.
G) A) and E)
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A) Johnson's style of campaigning.
B) Johnson's sympathy with poor white southerners.
C) whether the Southern states had to make substantial changes before being readmitted to the Union.
D) Johnson's lack of interest in educating and uplifting former slaves.
E) whether ex-Confederates could be elected to Congress.
G) B) and E)
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A) the Southern states had really left the Union.
B) reconstruction should be on Congress's terms rather than the President's.
C) the Black Codes undermined the very purpose of the Civil War.
D) white voters who had backed the Confederacy should be disenfranchised.
E) Confederate leaders could be elected to federal office if they asked for pardons.
G) A) and C)
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A) most were jailed for an extended period of time.
B) Davis and Lee received life sentences and others were pardoned.
C) all were pardoned by December 1868.
D) none was ever allowed to hold political office again.
E) the majority went into exile in Brazil.
G) B) and C)
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