Question 1

The average brain size of Homo heidelbergensis was about

Accepted Answer

A)   700 cc.
B)   1,000 cc.
C)   1,300 cc.
D)   1,500 cc.E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 2

The lifeways of Neanderthals probably included

Accepted Answer

A)   burial of the dead and hunting large game.
B)   primarily scavenging for meat, and very little use of plant foods.
C)   permanent settlements.
D)   limited planting of crops.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a contributing factor in the current disagreements over how to classify Middle Pleistocene hominins?

Accepted Answer

A)   There are very few fossils of Middle Pleistocene hominins, and no two appear to be from the same species.
B)   The time scale of the Middle Pleistocene fossil record is very short, so evolutionary changes may be more subtle than for earlier time periods for which there is less disagreement.
C)   Different anthropologists have different ideas about what processes shape human evolution during this period.
D)   Regardless of which model is correct, the hominins were distributed over a huge area and may have resided in diverse ecological niches, with changing levels of interaction and isolation among them.E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 4

Evidence for meat eating by Homo ergaster includes

Accepted Answer

A)   vitamin A poisoning in the KNM-ER 1808 skeleton.
B)   controlled use of fire at Homo ergaster sites.
C)   carnivore tooth marks on their skeletons.
D)   preserved stomach contents in some skeletons.E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Question 5

Which of these is the most widely supported explanation for the small body size and mixture of primitive and derived traits of Homo floresiensis?

Accepted Answer

A)   H. floresiensis is a result of evolutionary dwarfism.
B)   H. floresiensis had microcephaly.
C)   H. floresiensis had an ancestor older than Homo erectus.
D)   H. floresiensis is a hoax.E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 6

The projecting nose of Homo ergaster may have

Accepted Answer

A)   increased their olfactory ability.
B)   decreased the amount of oxygen available in each inhalation.
C)   helped to prevent moisture loss.
D)   altered the sound of their voices while using language.E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 7

Which of the following statements is true regarding the African range of Homo ergaster?

Accepted Answer

A)   H. ergaster specialized in the woodland forests of East Africa.
B)   By 1.8 mya, H. ergaster had extended its range to the most northern and southern parts of Africa.
C)   H. ergaster could not colonize the high-altitude plateaus of Ethiopia or use the dry edges of the Rift Valley.
D)   This species' range encompassed almost the entire continent, which means that it was adapted to a broad range of environmental conditions.E) None of the above
F) A) and D) D

Question 8

Evidence suggests that Homo heidelbergensis

Accepted Answer

A)   hunted large game such as woolly rhinoceros.
B)   did not hunt large game.
C)   scavenged only small prey.
D)   was vegetarian.E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 9

What is the evidence that led paleoanthropologists to separate African and Asian hominins of the Lower Pleistocene into two separate species, H. ergaster and H. erectus, respectively? Can the same case be made for African and European H. heidelbergensis in contrast to their eastern representatives?

Accepted Answer

African specimens of H. ergaster and Asi...

Question 10

Paleontologists state that Homo ergaster was fully committed to terrestrial life because

Accepted Answer

A)   the teeth of Homo ergaster show evidence of meat eating.
B)   sexual dimorphism is reduced in this species.
C)   Homo ergaster had the same body proportions as people who live in tropical savannas today.
D)   their brain size is larger than the brains of other hominins.E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 11

Homo ergaster used

Accepted Answer

A)   Oldowan and Acheulean tools.
B)   bone and wood tools but not stone tools.
C)   Mousterian tools.
D)   the earliest metal tools.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 12

A primitive trait of Homo ergaster is

Accepted Answer

A)   large browridges.
B)   a small brain.
C)   a vestibular system similar to that of quadrupedal primates.
D)   short legs, long arms, and curved fingers.E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 13

Primitive features of Homo heidelbergensis include

Accepted Answer

A)   a receding forehead.
B)   a skull that is narrow behind the eyes.
C)   thick cranial bones.
D)   a sagittal crest.E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 14

Studies of tooth enamel growth rate indicate that Homo ergaster

Accepted Answer

A)   matured faster than australopiths.
B)   matured at the same rate as australopiths.
C)   did not have the long childhood of modern humans.
D)   had the long childhood of modern humans.E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 15

Homo ergaster appeared in the fossil record about

Accepted Answer

A)   180 million years ago.
B)   18 million years ago.
C)   1.8 million years ago.
D)   18,000 years ago.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 16

What is the evidence that Neanderthals took care of the sick and buried their dead?

Accepted Answer

The evidence that Neanderthals took care...

Question 17

The rapidly fluctuating climates of the Pleistocene may have caused some populations of hominins to

Accepted Answer

A)   migrate to Africa.
B)   become fully isolated and even more specialized.
C)   rely on plant foods more.
D)   build permanent shelters.E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 18

Provide three lines of evidence that help evaluate whether or not H. ergaster ate meat. Include evidence from archaeology (artifacts), as well as physical anthropology (the hominin fossils), in addition to comparative and geographical information. Do any of these lines of evidence suggest that they hunted their game?

Accepted Answer

Students may draw on any of the followin...

Question 19

Homo ergaster lived in diverse areas of Africa before extending their range into Eurasia. What does this tell you about this species? What anatomical and behavioral characteristics may have aided the migration of Homo ergaster?

Accepted Answer

The fact that H. ergaster lived in many areas of Africa before migrating to Eurasia demonstrates that they had the behavioral flexibility to live in a variety of habitats. This behavioral flexibility gave them an adaptive advantage. Behavioral flexibility, a functional tool kit, a tall body with a long, efficient, striding bipedal gait, the ability to run, and dentition suitable for tearing and biting flesh aided H. ergaster to migrate long distances to cooler, drier, and more seasonal habitats such as those of Eurasia during the Pleistocene.

Question 20

In what ways does H. ergaster differ from H. sapiens physically and developmentally? What does this evidence suggest about H. ergaster versus human behavior?

Accepted Answer

a. The pattern of development, as evidenced by the Nariokotome boy. This demonstrates that H. ergaster did not develop at the same slow rate as humans, and the authors discuss this as evidence for less emphasis on learning.
b. Cranial and dental features, which indicate a diet different from that of modern humans.

Exam 12: From Hominin to Homo

The average brain size of Homo heidelbergensis was about

Correct Answer
verified

The lifeways of Neanderthals probably included

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is NOT a contributing factor in the current disagreements over how to classify Middle Pleistocene hominins?

Correct Answer
verified

Evidence for meat eating by Homo ergaster includes

Correct Answer
verified

Which of these is the most widely supported explanation for the small body size and mixture of primitive and derived traits of Homo floresiensis?

Correct Answer
verified

The projecting nose of Homo ergaster may have

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following statements is true regarding the African range of Homo ergaster?

Correct Answer
verified
D

Evidence suggests that Homo heidelbergensis

Correct Answer
verified

What is the evidence that led paleoanthropologists to separate African and Asian hominins of the Lower Pleistocene into two separate species, H. ergaster and H. erectus, respectively? Can the same case be made for African and European H. heidelbergensis in contrast to their eastern representatives?

Correct Answer
verified
African specimens of H. ergaster and Asi...
View Answer

Paleontologists state that Homo ergaster was fully committed to terrestrial life because

Correct Answer
verified

Homo ergaster used

Correct Answer
verified

A primitive trait of Homo ergaster is

Correct Answer
verified

Primitive features of Homo heidelbergensis include

Correct Answer
verified

Studies of tooth enamel growth rate indicate that Homo ergaster

Correct Answer
verified

Homo ergaster appeared in the fossil record about

Correct Answer
verified

What is the evidence that Neanderthals took care of the sick and buried their dead?

Correct Answer
verified
The evidence that Neanderthals took care...
View Answer

The rapidly fluctuating climates of the Pleistocene may have caused some populations of hominins to

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
Students may draw on any of the followin...
View Answer

Homo ergaster lived in diverse areas of Africa before extending their range into Eurasia. What does this tell you about this species? What anatomical and behavioral characteristics may have aided the migration of Homo ergaster?

In what ways does H. ergaster differ from H. sapiens physically and developmentally? What does this evidence suggest about H. ergaster versus human behavior?

Exam 12: From Hominin to Homo

The average brain size of Homo heidelbergensis was about

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The lifeways of Neanderthals probably included

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT a contributing factor in the current disagreements over how to classify Middle Pleistocene hominins?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Evidence for meat eating by Homo ergaster includes

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of these is the most widely supported explanation for the small body size and mixture of primitive and derived traits of Homo floresiensis?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The projecting nose of Homo ergaster may have

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements is true regarding the African range of Homo ergaster?

Correct AnswerverifiedD

Evidence suggests that Homo heidelbergensis

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the evidence that led paleoanthropologists to separate African and Asian hominins of the Lower Pleistocene into two separate species, H. ergaster and H. erectus, respectively? Can the same case be made for African and European H. heidelbergensis in contrast to their eastern representatives?

Correct AnswerverifiedAfrican specimens of H. ergaster and Asi...View AnswerShow Answer

Paleontologists state that Homo ergaster was fully committed to terrestrial life because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Homo ergaster used

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A primitive trait of Homo ergaster is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Primitive features of Homo heidelbergensis include

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Studies of tooth enamel growth rate indicate that Homo ergaster

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Homo ergaster appeared in the fossil record about

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the evidence that Neanderthals took care of the sick and buried their dead?

Correct AnswerverifiedThe evidence that Neanderthals took care...View AnswerShow Answer

The rapidly fluctuating climates of the Pleistocene may have caused some populations of hominins to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedStudents may draw on any of the followin...View AnswerShow Answer

Homo ergaster lived in diverse areas of Africa before extending their range into Eurasia. What does this tell you about this species? What anatomical and behavioral characteristics may have aided the migration of Homo ergaster?

In what ways does H. ergaster differ from H. sapiens physically and developmentally? What does this evidence suggest about H. ergaster versus human behavior?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
verified
D

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
verified
African specimens of H. ergaster and Asi...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
The evidence that Neanderthals took care...
View Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
Students may draw on any of the followin...
View Answer