Question 1

List the three basic issues in child development. What stances do behaviorism and Piaget's cognitive-developmental theory take on each of these issues?

Accepted Answer

The three basic issues in child developm...

Question 2

As a result of Ginny's dissatisfying interaction with her two defiant teenage sons, Ginny is less patient with her preschooler's attempts at dressing herself. This is an example of __________ influences.

Accepted Answer

A)   third-party
B)   bioecological
C)   bidirectional
D)   mesosystemE) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 3

Marcus, age 12, wears the same clothes and hairstyle as his best friends at school. According to Albert Bandura, Marcus is displaying

Accepted Answer

A)   operant conditioning.
B)   behavior modification.
C)   classical conditioning.
D)   observational learning.E) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

Question 4

Describe Urie Bronfenbrenner's ecological systems theory.

Accepted Answer

According to Bronfenbrenner's theory, th...

Question 5

In the United States, a family can be on Temporary Aid to Needy Families for _____ continuous months.

Accepted Answer

A)   24
B)   36
C)   48
D)   60E) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

Question 6

Which of the following is a contribution of psychoanalytic theory?

Accepted Answer

A)   It inspired a wealth of research on many aspects of emotional and social development.
B)   It emphasized a wide range of research methods to study child development.
C)   It provided a rich source of testable hypotheses about personality development.
D)   It remains in the mainstream of child development research.E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 7

The field of child development now recognizes that __________ is among the most powerful tools for preventing developmental problems and enhancing children's quality of life.

Accepted Answer

A)   sound public policy
B)   family therapy
C)   early IQ testing
D)   high-quality child careE) B) and C)
F) C) and D)

Question 8

__________ has been used to relieve a wide range of serious developmental problems, such as persistent aggression and extreme fears.

Accepted Answer

A)   Modeling
B)   Observational learning
C)   Behavior modification
D)   Social-cognitive theoryE) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 9

According to Jean-Jacques Rousseau's view, the child is

Accepted Answer

A)   tainted by original sin.
B)   a tabula rasa.
C)   a noble savage.
D)   an active, purposeful being.E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 10

Information-processing researchers

Accepted Answer

A)   record stimulus-response pathways in the brain.
B)   build computers with humanlike circuitry.
C)   focus on the evolutionary significance of human behavior.
D)   seek to clarify how both task characteristics and cognitive limitations influence performance.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 11

Both __________ and __________ emphasize nature and nurture.

Accepted Answer

A)   behaviorism; ethology
B)   social learning theory; evolutionary developmental psychology
C)   sociocultural theory; the dynamic systems perspective
D)   behaviorism; ecological systems theoryE) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 12

Among the !Kung, a hunting-and-gathering society living in the desert regions of Botswana, a child's first words generally include words meaning "__________" and "__________."

Accepted Answer

A)   mine; yours
B)   No; I'll do it myself
C)   I want it; That belongs to my family
D)   Here, take this; Give it to me.E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 13

Dr. Adolph takes measures of behavior on large numbers of individuals and computes age-related averages to represent typical development. Dr. Adolph uses

Accepted Answer

A)   the normative approach.
B)   behaviorism.
C)   intelligence testing.
D)   psychoanalysis.E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 14

In contrast to Locke, Rousseau

Accepted Answer

A)   viewed development as a continuous process.
B)   believed that children's moral sense is learned through religious training.
C)   regarded children as empty containers to be filled by adult instruction.
D)   believed that children's unique ways of thinking would only be harmed by adult training.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 15

Both __________ and __________ emphasize discontinuous development.

Accepted Answer

A)   behaviorism; social learning theory
B)   Piaget's cognitive-developmental theory; the psychoanalytic perspective
C)   information processing; Vygotsky's sociocultural theory
D)   ethology; evolutionary developmental psychologyE) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 16

Cross-cultural research stimulated by Vygotsky's theory reveals that

Accepted Answer

A)   the developmental sequences observed in Western cultures are universal.
B)   adults begin to encourage valued skills as soon as children start school.
C)   cultures select different tasks for children's learning.
D)   sociocultural theory has little application outside industrialized nations.E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 17

A special strength of the psychoanalytic perspective is its

Accepted Answer

A)   global application to most cultures.
B)   emphasis on the individual's unique life history as worthy of study and understanding.
C)   emphasis on empirical research.
D)   effectiveness in dealing with everyday difficulties.E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 18

Although he was long overlooked in the history of child development, Baldwin

Accepted Answer

A)   adapted Binet's intelligence test for use with English-speaking children.
B)   granted nature and nurture equal importance.
C)   viewed development as a continuous process.
D)   was among the first to make developmental research relevant to parents.E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 19

Central to Piaget's view of development is the concept of

Accepted Answer

A)   modeling.
B)   reinforcement.
C)   adaptation.
D)   cultural identity.E) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 20

The field of child development

Accepted Answer

A)   is devoted to understanding human constancy and change throughout the lifespan.
B)   is part of a larger, interdisciplinary field known as developmental science.
C)   focuses primarily on children's physical and emotional development.
D)   focuses primarily on infants' and children's social and cognitive development.E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Exam 1: History, Theory, and Applied Directions

The field of child development now recognizes that __________ is among the most powerful tools for preventing developmental problems and enhancing children's quality of life.

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According to Jean-Jacques Rousseau's view, the child is

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Describe Urie Bronfenbrenner's ecological systems theory.

Correct AnswerverifiedAccording to Bronfenbrenner's theory, th...View AnswerShow Answer

In the United States, a family can be on Temporary Aid to Needy Families for _____ continuous months.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is a contribution of psychoanalytic theory?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Both __________ and __________ emphasize discontinuous development.

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The field of child development

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Dr. Adolph takes measures of behavior on large numbers of individuals and computes age-related averages to represent typical development. Dr. Adolph uses

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

As a result of Ginny's dissatisfying interaction with her two defiant teenage sons, Ginny is less patient with her preschooler's attempts at dressing herself. This is an example of __________ influences.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In contrast to Locke, Rousseau

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Central to Piaget's view of development is the concept of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Among the !Kung, a hunting-and-gathering society living in the desert regions of Botswana, a child's first words generally include words meaning "__________" and "__________."

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Cross-cultural research stimulated by Vygotsky's theory reveals that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Marcus, age 12, wears the same clothes and hairstyle as his best friends at school. According to Albert Bandura, Marcus is displaying

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

List the three basic issues in child development. What stances do behaviorism and Piaget's cognitive-developmental theory take on each of these issues?

Correct AnswerverifiedThe three basic issues in child developm...View AnswerShow Answer

__________ has been used to relieve a wide range of serious developmental problems, such as persistent aggression and extreme fears.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Information-processing researchers

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A special strength of the psychoanalytic perspective is its

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Although he was long overlooked in the history of child development, Baldwin

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Both __________ and __________ emphasize nature and nurture.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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According to Bronfenbrenner's theory, th...
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Both and emphasize discontinuous development.

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Among the !Kung, a hunting-and-gathering society living in the desert regions of Botswana, a child's first words generally include words meaning "" and "."

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The three basic issues in child developm...
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Both and emphasize nature and nurture.

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