Question 1

Which of the following is NOT primarily used for treating major depression?

Accepted Answer

A)   Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) 
B)   Lithium therapy
C)   Monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOIs) 
D)   Tricyclic antidepressantsE) C) and D)
F) A) and B) B

Question 2

The stress hormone cortisol

Accepted Answer

A)   causes a depletion of amine neurotransmitters.
B)   leads to downregulation of amine receptors.
C)   increases CREB activity in the cell nucleus.
D)   contributes to BDNF downregulation.E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 3

SNRI antidepressants

Accepted Answer

A)   work on different mechanisms underlying depression.
B)   are much more effective than SSRIs for most patients.
C)   inhibit the reuptake of both serotonin and norepinephrine.
D)   facilitate the reuptake of both serotonin and norepinephrine.E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Question 4

The manic phases of bipolar disorder appear to be caused by

Accepted Answer

A)   a lithium deficiency.
B)   excessive dopamine activity.
C)   diminished serotonin activity.
D)   None of the above is correctE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 5

Monoamine oxidase-ᴀ (MAO-ᴀ)  deaminates all of the following monoamines EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)   dopamine.
B)   norepinephrine.
C)   serotonin.
D)   phenylanine.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 6

Genetic studies have concluded that

Accepted Answer

A)   several identified genes contribute to bipolar disorder.
B)   increased BDNF synthesis may predispose individuals to bipolar disorder.
C)   polymorphisms resulting in increased expression of the serotonin transporter gene strongly correlates with the incidence of major depression.
D)   None of the above is correctE) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 7

Bipolar disorder differs from major depression in that patients must also experience

Accepted Answer

A)   numerous episodes of mania intermixed with depression.
B)   at least one episode of mania.
C)   psychotic features in addition to depression.
D)   depressive and manic symptoms simultaneously.E) A) and C)
F) B) and C) B

Question 8

________ is credited with the discovery of lithium treatment for bipolar disorder.

Accepted Answer

A)   Sigmund Freud
B)   Solomon Snyder
C)   John Cade
D)   John BeckE) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Question 9

The atypical antidepressant bupropion

Accepted Answer

A)   is also used to diminish cravings associated with smoking cessation.
B)   acts as a selective dopamine reuptake inhibitor.
C)   may be addictive because of its dopamine activity.
D)   Both a and b are correctE) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 10

Reactive depression

Accepted Answer

A)   typically results in anhedonia and feelings of worthlessness.
B)   leads to such loneliness that the person considers suicide as the only option.
C)   is one of the more serious affective disorders.
D)   often occurs following a significant life event such as the loss of a significant other or severe stress.E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 11

All of the following are symptoms of major depression EXCEPT

Accepted Answer

A)   loss of appetite.
B)   dulled sense of pain.
C)   insomnia.
D)   motor agitation.E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 12

The drop in prescriptions of SSRIs to adolescents after the FDA warned about suicide risk resulted in

Accepted Answer

A)   a decrease in adolescent suicides.
B)   an increase in adolescent suicides.
C)   no change in suicide rates for adolescents.
D)   an increase in the effectiveness of placebos for adolescents.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 13

The lifetime prevalence of major depression is estimated to be about ________ percent of the population.

Accepted Answer

A)   30
B)   17
C)   50
D)   10E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 14

Downregulation of monoamine neurons

Accepted Answer

A)   disrupts neuronal signaling and plasticity.
B)   occurs as a result of neuronal inhibition by autoreceptors.
C)   may lead to cellular degeneration.
D)   All of the above are correctE) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 15

Rapid-cycling bipolar disorder is characterized by ________ during a year.

Accepted Answer

A)   10-12 episodes of depression
B)   10-12 episodes of mania
C)   four or more episodes of depression or mania
D)   at least one episode of mania mixed with depressionE) C) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 16

Which of the following statements is TRUE concerning the side effects of tricyclic antidepressants?

Accepted Answer

A)   Side effects are found in over 80 percent of people taking tricyclic antidepressants.
B)   If tricyclic antidepressants are taken with foods containing tyramine, increased norepinephrine storage and release may occur.
C)   Tricyclic antidepressants block histamine and acetylcholine receptors.
D)   The toxic effects of the tricyclic drugs are typically seen at doses exceeding five times their normal dose.E) B) and D)
F) C) and D)

Question 17

Lithium acts by

Accepted Answer

A)   resolving a lithium deficiency in bipolar patients.
B)   deactivating a neurotoxin in the brains of bipolar patients.
C)   activating genes that code for the expression of serotonin transporters.
D)   increasing BDNF activity in the hippocampus and frontal cortex.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 18

St. John's Wort

Accepted Answer

A)   is as effective as an antidepressant for most patients.
B)   has the same mechanism of action as traditional antidepressants.
C)   inhibits the vesicular storage of monoamine neurotransmitters.
D)   All of the above are correctE) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 19

The synthesis of BDNF depends on sufficient

Accepted Answer

A)   influx of Ca⁺⁺ following neural activation.
B)   dietary amines.
C)   levels of precursors for serotonin.
D)   exposure to light.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C) A

Question 20

Patients who have had untreated bipolar disorder for a long time are more likely to

Accepted Answer

A)   respond to medication.
B)   have evidence of neural degeneration and enlarged ventricles.
C)   express rapid-cycling symptoms.
D)   All of the above are correctE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Exam 3: Mood Disorders: Major Depression and Bipolar Disorders

Which of the following is NOT primarily used for treating major depression?

Correct AnswerverifiedB

The stress hormone cortisol

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

SNRI antidepressants

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The manic phases of bipolar disorder appear to be caused by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Monoamine oxidase-ᴀ (MAO-ᴀ) deaminates all of the following monoamines EXCEPT

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Genetic studies have concluded that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Bipolar disorder differs from major depression in that patients must also experience

Correct AnswerverifiedB

________ is credited with the discovery of lithium treatment for bipolar disorder.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The atypical antidepressant bupropion

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Reactive depression

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All of the following are symptoms of major depression EXCEPT

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The drop in prescriptions of SSRIs to adolescents after the FDA warned about suicide risk resulted in

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The lifetime prevalence of major depression is estimated to be about ________ percent of the population.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Downregulation of monoamine neurons

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Rapid-cycling bipolar disorder is characterized by ________ during a year.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements is TRUE concerning the side effects of tricyclic antidepressants?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Lithium acts by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

St. John's Wort

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The synthesis of BDNF depends on sufficient

Correct AnswerverifiedA

Patients who have had untreated bipolar disorder for a long time are more likely to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified
B

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
B

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
A

Correct Answer
verified