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Which of the following is true with regard to offshoring?


A) Offshoring is common in the service sector, including banking, software code writing, legal services, and customer-service activities.
B) Russia is the current leader in the processing of advanced economies' relocated business services.
C) Offshoring substantially reduces the overall efficiency of MNEs.
D) With rapid globalization and internationalization of businesses, offshoring is a visibly declining trend.

E) B) and D)
F) A) and D)

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Given the complexities of international business, manufacturing is generally the only value-chain activity that firms outsource abroad.

A) True
B) False

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The likelihood of internalizing ________ rather than outsourcing it is considerably high.


A) R&D
B) manufacturing of parts
C) sales and distribution
D) customer service

E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

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The exporter usually first issues a quotation or pro forma invoice upon request by potential customers.

A) True
B) False

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Which of the following statements is true with regard to the R&D activities of a firm?


A) As a strategic asset, R&D activities are of moderate importance to the firm.
B) R&D activities are usually concentrated at home.
C) R&D activities have a low likelihood of being internalized.
D) R&D activities have a high likelihood of being outsourced.

E) B) and D)
F) A) and D)

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Offshoring is common in the service sector, including banking, software code writing, legal services, and customer-service activities.

A) True
B) False

Correct Answer

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Which of the following should be considered first in making the decision to export OTC towels to Canada?


A) What is the probability of OTC and Earth Waves entering into a joint venture?
B) How much fluctuation occurs in the exchange rate between the Canadian dollar and the British pound?
C) What is the likelihood of Earth Waves opening a subsidiary in Canada?
D) What documentation would be required for OTC to export towels to Asia?

E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

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A focal firm's overreliance on suppliers can potentially lead to ________.


A) reduced control over important value-chain tasks
B) added competitive advantage for the focal firm
C) an excessive burden on home-country suppliers
D) consolidation of the focal firm's network of intermediaries

E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

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Most companies cite cost cutting as the main reason for global sourcing.

A) True
B) False

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Prox Inc. is a U.S.-based manufacturer of consumer electronics. It decides to export to Mexico and wants to protect its goods against damage, loss, and pilferage. Which of the following documents is applicable here?


A) insurance certificate
B) bill of lading
C) pro forma invoice
D) license

E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Correct Answer

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In a short essay, describe how cost efficiencies are a benefit to sourcing abroad, and explain how information and communications technology can help reduce costs for an international firm.

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The primary rationale for global sourcin...

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Countries with weak legal environments can erode key strategic assets of firms.

A) True
B) False

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The Internet provides the means to export pure services.

A) True
B) False

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Focal firms that internationalize through exporting will most likely perform ________ in the home market.


A) sales
B) distribution
C) marketing
D) manufacturing

E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

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Which of the following documents is the contract between the shipping company and the exporter?


A) pro forma invoice
B) bill of lading
C) export declaration
D) commercial invoice

E) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

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________ will internationalize via FDI because they require direct contact with customers.


A) Insurance firms
B) Accountants
C) Construction firms
D) Retailing firms

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Contract manufacturing can best be defined as ________.


A) the outsourcing to independent suppliers of business service functions such as accounting, payroll, human resource functions, travel services, IT services, customer service, or technical support
B) the relocation of a business process or entire manufacturing facility to a foreign country
C) sourcing from the firm's own production facilities
D) an arrangement in which the focal firm contracts with an independent supplier to manufacture products according to well-defined specifications

E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Correct Answer

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As a strategic asset, ________ is of the lowest importance to a firm.


A) customer service
B) R&D, design
C) manufacturing of parts
D) marketing and branding

E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

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Captive sourcing is an arrangement in which the focal firm contracts with an independent supplier to manufacture products according to well-defined specifications.

A) True
B) False

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The more diverse the firm's global supply chain, the lesser the cost of logistics.

A) True
B) False

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