Question 1

n-Text Figure Based Questions
-The somatic nervous system affects skeletal muscles. Name effectors of the autonomic nervous system. (Figure16-1)

Accepted Answer

A)   bone and spinal cord
B)   smooth muscle, glands, cardiac muscle, adipocytes
C)   bone and joints
D)   spinal cord and brainstem
E)   cerebrum and cerebellumF) None of the above
G) A) and B)

Question 2

Regarding the sympathetic nervous system, the neurotransmitter ACh is

Accepted Answer

A)   always excitatory when used in the synapses of the sympathetic nervous system.
B)   broken down by COMT.
C)   going to reduce the activity of the other neurotransmitter norepinephrine.
D)   broken down by monoamine oxidase.
E)   a chemical similar to the structure of adrenaline.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 3

Parasympathetic effects are localized and short-lived because

Accepted Answer

A)   muscarinic receptors are deactivated by norepinephrine.
B)   acetylcholine is inactivated at the synapse by acetylcholinesterase.
C)   norepinephrine hyperpolarizes the postganglionic membrane.
D)   norepinephrine is inactivated at the synapse by monoamine oxidase.
E)   epinephrine blocks the muscarinic receptors.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 4

Clusters of ganglionic sympathetic neurons lying along either side of the spinal cord are called sympathetic ________ ganglia.

Accepted Answer

A)   intramural
B)   collateral
C)   chain
D)   paravertebral
E)   adrenalF) A) and E)
G) B) and C)

Question 5

Figure 16-1 ANS Pathway
 
Use Figure 16-1 to answer the following questions:
-Identify the structure labeled "2."

Accepted Answer

A)   ventral root
B)   dorsal ramus
C)   spinal nerve
D)   ventral ramus
E)   white ramus communicansF) A) and E)
G) D) and E)

Question 6

Drugs that stimulate alpha receptors, causing constriction of peripheral vessels, are

Accepted Answer

A)   sympathetic blocking agents.
B)   sympathomimetic.
C)   parasympathetic blocking agents.
D)   parasympathomimetic.
E)   autonomic blocking agents.F) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 7

The statement "Its postganglionic axons always use acetylcholine as the neurotransmitter" is

Accepted Answer

A)   true only for the parasympathetic nervous system.
B)   true only for the sympathetic nervous system.
C)   true for both the parasympathetic and sympathetic nervous systems.
D)   not true for either the parasympathetic or sympathetic nervous systems.
E)   true only for the somatic nervous system.F) B) and D)
G) A) and D)

Question 8

List the different types of adrenergic receptors, the responses they produce, and by what mechanisms.

Accepted Answer

There are two types of alpha receptors a...

Question 9

A state of unconsciousness in which an individual cannot be aroused even by strong stimuli is

Accepted Answer

A)   somnolence.
B)   sleep.
C)   stupor.
D)   coma.
E)   a chronic vegetative state.F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 10

Damage to the ventral roots of the first five thoracic spinal nerves on the right side of the body wouldinterfere with the ability to

Accepted Answer

A)   dilate the right pupil.
B)   constrict the right pupil.
C)   dilate the left pupil.
D)   constrict the left pupil.
E)   smile and frown.F) D) and E)
G) C) and E)

Question 11

Drugs that have effects similar to those of sympathetic activation are called sympathomimetic drugs. Whichof the following would you not expect to observe in a person who has taken a sympathomimetic drug?

Accepted Answer

A)   sweating
B)   increased heart rate
C)   dilation of respiratory passages
D)   decreased blood pressure
E)   increased blood sugar levelF) B) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 12

What mental illness is often improved by drugs that block serotonin re-uptake?

Accepted Answer

A)   agitation
B)   hallucinations
C)   depression
D)   Parkinson's
E)   Huntington'sF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 13

Nicotinic receptors

Accepted Answer

A)   respond to epinephrine.
B)   respond to norepinephrine.
C)   open chemically-gated sodium ion channels.
D)   can be either excitatory or inhibitory in function.
E)   are found at synaptic junctions of the sympathetic nervous system.F) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

Question 14

Preganglionic fibers from the sacral segments of the spinal cord form the ________ nerve(s) .

Accepted Answer

A)   pelvic
B)   splanchnic
C)   celiac
D)   sympathetic
E)   mesentericF) A) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 15

n-Text Figure Based Questions
-The short reflex bypasses what part of the nervous system? (Figure 16-7)

Accepted Answer

A)   peripheral nervous system
B)   enteric nervous system
C)   spinal cord
D)   brainstem
E)   central nervous systemF) All of the above
G) A) and B)

Question 16

Postganglionic fibers that innervate targets in the body wall or thoracic cavity originate on neurons within

Accepted Answer

A)   intramural ganglia.
B)   collateral ganglia.
C)   sympathetic chain ganglia.
D)   suprarenal ganglia.
E)   white rami communicantes.F) B) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 17

Which of the following statements is true?
The stimulation of beta-adrenergic receptors can lead to
1)  an increase in metabolic activity.
2)  contraction of airway smooth muscle.
3)  the breakdown of triglycerides within adipocytes.

Accepted Answer

A)   1
B)   2
C)   3
D)   1 and 3
E)   1, 2, and 3F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 18

An age-related decline in mental function characterized by difficulties with spatial orientation, memory,language, and personality is called

Accepted Answer

A)   delirium agitans.
B)   senile dementia.
C)   persistent vegetative state.
D)   somnolence of the aged.
E)   progressive cerebral dysfunction.F) B) and C)
G) None of the above

Question 19

Preganglionic neurons of the sympathetic nervous system are located in the

Accepted Answer

A)   lateral gray horns of the cervical cord.
B)   anterior gray horns of the cervical and thoracic spinal cord.
C)   lateral gray horns of segments T1 to L2 of the spinal cord.
D)   anterior gray horns of segments T1 to L2 of the spinal cord.
E)   lateral gray horns of T1 to S2 of the spinal cord.F) None of the above
G) A) and E)

Question 20

Which of the following is not a parasympathetic ganglion?

Accepted Answer

A)   ciliary
B)   pterygopalatine
C)   submandibular
D)   otic
E)   celiacF) A) and D)
G) B) and E)

Exam 16: The Autonomic Nervous System and Higher-Order Functions

A state of unconsciousness in which an individual cannot be aroused even by strong stimuli is

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Drugs that stimulate alpha receptors, causing constriction of peripheral vessels, are

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Preganglionic neurons of the sympathetic nervous system are located in the

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Preganglionic fibers from the sacral segments of the spinal cord form the ________ nerve(s) .

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Regarding the sympathetic nervous system, the neurotransmitter ACh is

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Drugs that have effects similar to those of sympathetic activation are called sympathomimetic drugs. Whichof the following would you not expect to observe in a person who has taken a sympathomimetic drug?

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Nicotinic receptors

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Postganglionic fibers that innervate targets in the body wall or thoracic cavity originate on neurons within

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Which of the following is not a parasympathetic ganglion?

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Which of the following statements is true? The stimulation of beta-adrenergic receptors can lead to 1) an increase in metabolic activity. 2) contraction of airway smooth muscle. 3) the breakdown of triglycerides within adipocytes.

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Parasympathetic effects are localized and short-lived because

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Damage to the ventral roots of the first five thoracic spinal nerves on the right side of the body wouldinterfere with the ability to

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n-Text Figure Based Questions -The short reflex bypasses what part of the nervous system? (Figure 16-7)

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What mental illness is often improved by drugs that block serotonin re-uptake?

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n-Text Figure Based Questions -The somatic nervous system affects skeletal muscles. Name effectors of the autonomic nervous system. (Figure16-1)

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An age-related decline in mental function characterized by difficulties with spatial orientation, memory,language, and personality is called

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The statement "Its postganglionic axons always use acetylcholine as the neurotransmitter" is

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Figure 16-1 ANS Pathway Use Figure 16-1 to answer the following questions: -Identify the structure labeled "2."

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Clusters of ganglionic sympathetic neurons lying along either side of the spinal cord are called sympathetic ________ ganglia.

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List the different types of adrenergic receptors, the responses they produce, and by what mechanisms.

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There are two types of alpha receptors a...
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