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Exam 9: Race and Ethnicity

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Question 41

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Define and explain the concept of racial formation in the creation of unequal racial and ethnic relations. Give several specific examples from the United States to illustrate racial formation.

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Racial formation refers to the process b...

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Question 42

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Indirect institutionalized discrimination occurs when__________________________.

A) ​a landlord refuses to rent to a person of a different race
B) ​a group of young men vandalizes the car of a man they believe is gay
C) ​the school system has a program for gifted and talented students in which all of the students are from high-income families
D) ​under Jim Crow laws, the local library has separate reading areas for whites and people of color

E) C) and D)
F) A) and C)

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Question 43

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A landlord refuses to rent to someone of a different race. This is an example of __________ discrimination.

__________ occurs when members of a racial or ethnic group are conquered and forcibly placed under the economic and political control of the dominant group in a particular society.

The perspective of __________ includes the belief that racism is such an ingrained feature of U.S. society that it appears to be ordinary and natural to many people.

__________ examine how microlevel contacts between people may produce either greater racial tolerance or increased levels of hostility.

Racism tends to intensify during periods of economic uncertainty and high rates of immigration.

In terms of income, employment, housing, nutrition, and health, which of the following is the most disadvantaged racial or ethnic group in the United States?​

The term __________ refers to the deliberate, systematic killing of an entire people or nation.

According to Adorno, the __________ is most likely to develop in a family environment in which dominating parents who are anxious about status use physical discipline but show very little love in raising their children.

__________ assimilation occurs when members of an ethnic group adopt dominantgroup traits, such as language, dress, values, religion, and food preferences.

Define de jure segregation and de facto segregation and give an example of each.

__________ discrimination consists of one-on-one acts by members of the dominant group that harm members of the subordinate group or their property.

The label "Hispanic" has not been fully accepted as an identity by Latinos/as living in the United States today.

Based on sociologist Robert Merton's typology of prejudice and discrimination, __________ may have no personal prejudice but still engage in discriminatory behavior because of peer group pressure or economic, political, or social interests.

__________ refers to the division of the economy into two areas of employment: a primary sector or upper tier, composed of higher-paid (usually dominant-group) workers in more secure jobs, and a secondary sector or lower tier, composed of lower-paid (often subordinate-group) workers in jobs with little security and hazardous working conditions.

A prejudiced judge gives harsher sentences to all African American defendants, even though he is not supported by the judicial system in his actions. According to sociologist Joe Feagin, this illustrates __________discrimination.

Explain the difference between the concepts of race and ethnicity.

Not all workers in a capitalist system are exploited to the same extent.

List and describe each of the four types of discrimination identified by Joe Feagin.