Question 1

Ethical relativism is the theory that what is right is determined by what a culture or society says is right.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

Which of the following characteristics distinguishes moral standards from other sorts of standards?

Accepted Answer

A)   moral standards are purely optional
B)   moral standards take priority over other standards, including self-interest.
C)   moral standards cannot be justified by reasons
D)   moral standards must be set or validated by some authoritative bodyE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 3

Organizational norms always and inevitably lead to groupthink.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

In a broad sense morality is the moral code of an individual or of a society (insofar as the moral codes of the individuals making up that society overlap).

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 5

The example of Huckleberry Finn shows

Accepted Answer

A)   one should always obey one's conscience.
B)   when in doubt, one should ignore one's conscience.
C)   we shouldn't rely uncritically on what our conscience says.
D)   unlike most people, Huckleberry Finn lacked a conscience.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 6

Our conscience evolved as we internalized the moral instructions of the parents or other authority figures who raised us as children.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

An individual does not have to follow the code of one's profession.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

Most people don't distinguish between a person's "morals" and his or her "ethics."

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

Enron executives acted wrongly simply because they broke the law.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

How did Aristotle view morality?

Accepted Answer

A)   It's necessary for us to try to be virtuous or excellent human beings.
B)   Moral judgments are true because God commands them of us.
C)   Moral judgments are determined differently by each culture.
D)   It's never right to help ourselves when we can help other people instead.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 11

Bystander apathy appears to result in part from diffusion of responsibility.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

One of the major characteristics of an organization is the shared acceptance of organizational rules by its members.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

What criteria concerning moral judgments should we agree with?

Accepted Answer

A)   As long as your conduct is legal, then it will be moral.
B)   If you follow the rules of etiquette, your conduct will be moral.
C)   Moral standards typically concern behavior that can be of serious consequence to human welfare.
D)   If your conduct follows the guidelines of professional codes of ethics, it will be moral.E) All of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 14

In business and elsewhere, an action can be legal and morally wrong.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

If your conduct is legal, it will also be moral.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

If you do the right thing only because you think you will profit from it, then you are truly motivated by moral concerns.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

If an argument is valid, then

Accepted Answer

A)   the argument is sound.
B)   the argument's conclusion must be true.
C)   the argument's premises are true.
D)   its conclusion must be true, if its premises are.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 18

The following is a logical fact.

Accepted Answer

A)   All valid arguments are sound arguments.
B)   All sound arguments are valid arguments.
C)   A sound argument may have a false conclusion.
D)   A sound argument may have a false premise.E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 19

The divine command theory implies that

Accepted Answer

A)   God commands us to do whatever our reason tells us is right.
B)   God forbids stealing because stealing is wrong.
C)   God leaves right and wrong up to us.
D)   stealing is wrong only because God commands us not to steal.E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 20

When ethical relativism is put into practice, it implies that

Accepted Answer

A)   societies never share any moral values in common.
B)   in ethics, sometimes the minority is right.
C)   we cannot say that slavery is wrong if the society in question believes it is right.
D)   as societies evolve, their morality improves.E) All of the above
F) None of the above

Exam 1: The Nature of Morality

Organizational norms always and inevitably lead to groupthink.

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In business and elsewhere, an action can be legal and morally wrong.

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If an argument is valid, then

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What criteria concerning moral judgments should we agree with?

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Ethical relativism is the theory that what is right is determined by what a culture or society says is right.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An individual does not have to follow the code of one's profession.

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Our conscience evolved as we internalized the moral instructions of the parents or other authority figures who raised us as children.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Bystander apathy appears to result in part from diffusion of responsibility.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

One of the major characteristics of an organization is the shared acceptance of organizational rules by its members.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Enron executives acted wrongly simply because they broke the law.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If you do the right thing only because you think you will profit from it, then you are truly motivated by moral concerns.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How did Aristotle view morality?

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In a broad sense morality is the moral code of an individual or of a society (insofar as the moral codes of the individuals making up that society overlap).

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The following is a logical fact.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The divine command theory implies that

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If your conduct is legal, it will also be moral.

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The example of Huckleberry Finn shows

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Most people don't distinguish between a person's "morals" and his or her "ethics."

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When ethical relativism is put into practice, it implies that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following characteristics distinguishes moral standards from other sorts of standards?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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