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According to a 2006 National Institute of Child Health and Human Development study, the most critical summary of daycare is that


A) whether or not a child was in daycare was the best predictor of the establishment of attachment type.
B) infants from disadvantaged environments tend not to benefit from a stimulating daycare experience.
C) quality of care matters.
D) children in daycare typically fail to thrive.

E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

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During adolescence, early dating relationships tend to be more _____ when compared to dating in later adolescence.


A) short-lived
B) sexual
C) formal
D) romantic

E) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

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A game of peek-a-boo between a mother and her infant daughter best exemplifies the concept of


A) imprinting.
B) synchronized routine.
C) false belief.
D) induction.

E) All of the above
F) None of the above

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According the triangular theory of love, _____ love is characterized by high levels of passion, intimacy, and commitment.

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As an infant, Molly was securely attached to her mother and her father, and this attachment has not changed. When she enters preschool, she is most likely to


A) strenuously resist separating from her parents.
B) cling to her teacher in her parents' absence.
C) be curious and willing to explore her environment.
D) be socially immature.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Which of the following is NOT associated with "popularity" in childhood?


A) Being physically attractive
B) Being intelligent
C) Being socially competent
D) Being unassertive

E) None of the above
F) All of the above

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Onlooker play involves active interest and talking but no direct participation with another child.

A) True
B) False

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Describe Sternberg's triangular theory of love.

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Which infant attachment type is most highly associated with later emotional problems?


A) Resistant
B) Avoidant
C) Reliant
D) Disorganized-disoriented

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

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According to Bowlby, the key change in parent/child attachments during childhood involves


A) more socialize efforts by the child and less by the parent.
B) the child's abandonment of the notion of the parent as a safe haven when frightened.
C) a more goal-directed partnership.
D) a reduction in the child attempting to negotiate when ritualistic events (e.g., reading a book) occur.

E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

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Sven has just realized that before his daddy goes to work in the morning, he first eats breakfast in the kitchen. As a result of this realization, he now goes to the kitchen as soon as he hears his dad get up so that he can be near dad. This behavior best exemplifies


A) goal-corrected partnership.
B) undiscriminating social responsiveness.
C) active proximity-seeking/true attachment.
D) discriminating social responsiveness.

E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

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Separation anxiety


A) only occurs as a result of unresponsive parenting.
B) is an important sign of attachment.
C) occurs mainly in children who attend preschool.
D) is a sign of an unhealthy attachment.

E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

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A college student becomes homesick during her first semester on campus. This response is most related to


A) stranger anxiety.
B) resistant attachment.
C) separation anxiety.
D) avoidant attachment.

E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

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Infants appear to construct a cognitive representation of themselves that is referred to as an _____ working model.

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Which behavior best exemplifies a goal-correct partnership?


A) An infant who knows that when mommy puts on her shoes she goes out running; so when the infant sees mommy put on her shoes, she follows her and plans to go with her
B) An infant who cries whenever mommy leaves
C) An infant who smiles broadly whenever she sees her mommy enter a room
D) An infant who, when at the store, gets excited when anyone (family or stranger) picks up a toy that she finds interesting

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

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Adolescent friendships are characterized by increasing intimacy and self-disclosure.

A) True
B) False

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_____ is best defined as the process of initiating, maintaining, and altering emotions.


A) Power assertion
B) Emotion regulation
C) Joint attention
D) Empathy

E) A) and D)
F) C) and D)

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The process of paying more attention to and remembering more positive information than negative information is referred to as the _____ effect.


A) contact comfort
B) equity
C) positivity
D) synchronized

E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

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In a pioneering study on adult love relationships, Hazan and Shaver found that most adults have a(n) _____ attachment style.


A) avoidant
B) resistant
C) disorganized
D) secure

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

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Regarding attachment, which is true?


A) A secure attachment to one's father can compensate for a poor attachment relationship with one's mother.
B) The quality of attachments in childhood does not predict later social competence.
C) Insecurely attached infants are doomed to problems for the rest of their lives.
D) Life events do not impact an attachment style once it has been formed.

E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

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