Question 1

What is one hemodynamic effect of a pericardial effusion?

Accepted Answer

A)   Increased ventricular ejection
B)   Decreased ventricular filling
C)   Myocardial ischemia
D)   Increased afterloadE) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 2

What percentage of volume does atrial kick contribute to ventricular filling?

Accepted Answer

A)   10%
B)   20%
C)   5%
D)   45%E) A) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 3

Place the following components of the cardiac conduction pathway in the correct anatomic order.
1) Atrioventricular node
2) Bundle branches
3) Bundle of His
4) Internodal pathways
5) Purkinje fibers
6) Sinoatrial node

Accepted Answer

A)   6, 1, 4, 3, 2, 5
B)   6, 1, 3, 2, 4, 5
C)   6, 1, 4, 2, 3, 5
D)   4, 3, 2, 5, 6, 1E) B) and C)
F) A) and D) A

Question 4

Which phase is the final repolarization phase of the action potential?

Accepted Answer

A)   Phase 1
B)   Phase 2
C)   Phase 3
D)   Phase 4E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 5

Which statement regarding the autonomic nervous system's role in the regulation of heart rate is true?

Accepted Answer

A)   Parasympathetic influences increase heart rate.
B)   Sympathetic influences are predominantly present.
C)   Parasympathetic influences are only compensatory.
D)   Both sympathetic and parasympathetic influences are normally active.E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 6

Which step of impulse conduction is most conducive to atrial kick?

Accepted Answer

A)   The firing of the sinoatrial node, which results in atrial depolarization
B)   The conduction delay at the atrioventricular (AV)  node, allowing time for filling
C)   Conduction through the bundle of His, enhancing ventricular depolarization
D)   Conduction to the Purkinje fibers, allowing for ventricular contractionE) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 7

What is the name of the valve that allows blood flow into pulmonary artery?

Accepted Answer

A)   Aortic
B)   Tricuspid
C)   Mitral valve
D)   Pulmonic valvesE) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 8

Depolarization of one myocardial cell will likely result in what physiologic response?

Accepted Answer

A)   Completion of the action potential in that cell before a new cell can accept an impulse
B)   Quick depolarization and spread to all of the heart
C)   Depolarization of only cells superior to the initial depolarization
D)   Quick depolarization of only cells inferior to the initial depolarizationE) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 9

A patient is admitted with right- and left-sided heart failure.The nurse's assessment reveals that the patient has 3+ pitting edema on the sacrum,blood pressure of 176/98 mm Hg,and bilateral crackles in the lungs.The patient is experiencing shortness of breath and chest discomfort.Increased afterload is probably present related to the patient's blood pressure.Which therapeutic measure will most likely decrease afterload in this patient?

Accepted Answer

A)   Administration of vasodilators
B)   Placement in high Fowler position
C)   Elevation of extremities
D)   Increasing intravenous fluidsE) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 10

An echocardiogram reveals an ejection fraction of 55%.On the basis of this information,how would the patient's cardiac function be described?

Accepted Answer

A)   Adequate
B)   Mildly decreased
C)   Moderately decreased
D)   Severely decreasedE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 11

Which of the following is most descriptive of the capillary?

Accepted Answer

A)   Large diameter, low pressure
B)   Small diameter, high pressure
C)   Large diameter, high pressure
D)   Small diameter, low pressureE) A) and C)
F) A) and B) D

Question 12

A patient is admitted with right- and left-sided heart failure.The nurse's assessment reveals that the patient has 3+ pitting edema on the sacrum,blood pressure of 176/98 mm Hg,and bilateral crackles in the lungs.The patient is experiencing shortness of breath and chest discomfort.On the basis of this information,how would the nurse evaluate the patient's preload status?

Accepted Answer

A)   The patient is hypovolemic and has too little preload.
B)   The patient is experiencing congestive heart failure (CHF)  and has too little preload.
C)   The patient is experiencing heart failure and has too much preload.
D)   The patient is hypertensive and the preload is not a factor.E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 13

Which is an example of a physiologic shunt?

Accepted Answer

A)   A ventricular septal defect
B)   Blood returning from the inferior vena cava to the right atrium
C)   A septal infarct
D)   The thebesian vessels returning deoxygenated blood to the left ventricleE) A) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 14

What is the function of the atrioventricular (AV) valves?

Accepted Answer

A)   Prevent backflow of blood into the atria during ventricular contraction
B)   Prevent blood regurgitation back into the ventricles
C)   Assist with blood flow to the lungs and aorta
D)   Contribute to ventricular filling by atrial kickE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 15

Which of the following values reflects a normal cardiac output at rest?

Accepted Answer

A)   2.5 L/min
B)   5.8 L/min
C)   7.3 L/min
D)   9.6 L/minE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 16

A patient reports feeling dizzy after standing quickly.Which finding could provide a clue regarding the cause?

Accepted Answer

A)   Hemoglobin level of 14.0 g/dL and hematocrit level of 42.3%
B)   Poor skin turgor with extended tenting
C)   Supine blood pressure of 146/93 mm Hg
D)   Resting heart rate of 96 beats/minE) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 17

A patient is admitted with a diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction.The monitor pattern reveals bradycardia.Occlusion of which coronary artery most likely resulted in bradycardia from sinoatrial node ischemia?

Accepted Answer

A)   Right
B)   Left anterior descending
C)   Circumflex
D)   DominantE) All of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 18

What are the two important proteins contained within the cardiac cells that contribute to contraction?

Accepted Answer

A)   Z-disk and A-band
B)   Actin and myosin
C)   I-band and M-band
D)   Renin and angiotensinE) All of the above
F) None of the above

Question 19

The atrioventricular (AV) node delays the conduction impulse from the atria (0.8-1.2 seconds) for what reasons?

Accepted Answer

A)   To limit the amount of blood that fills the ventricle from the atria
B)   To provide time for the ventricles to fill during diastole
C)   To limit the number of signals the ventricles receive in some rhythms
D)   To allow the atria to rest between signalsE) A) and B)
F) C) and D) B

Question 20

Which factors influence stroke volume?

Accepted Answer

A)   Afterload
B)   Cardiac output
C)   Contractility
D)   Heart rate
E)   PreloadF) C) and D)
G) A) and C)

Exam 11: Cardiovascular Anatomy and Physiology

What is one hemodynamic effect of a pericardial effusion?

Correct Answer
verified

What percentage of volume does atrial kick contribute to ventricular filling?

Correct Answer
verified

Place the following components of the cardiac conduction pathway in the correct anatomic order. 1) Atrioventricular node 2) Bundle branches 3) Bundle of His 4) Internodal pathways 5) Purkinje fibers 6) Sinoatrial node

Correct Answer
verified
A

Which phase is the final repolarization phase of the action potential?

Correct Answer
verified

Which statement regarding the autonomic nervous system's role in the regulation of heart rate is true?

Correct Answer
verified

Which step of impulse conduction is most conducive to atrial kick?

Correct Answer
verified

What is the name of the valve that allows blood flow into pulmonary artery?

Correct Answer
verified

Depolarization of one myocardial cell will likely result in what physiologic response?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

An echocardiogram reveals an ejection fraction of 55%.On the basis of this information,how would the patient's cardiac function be described?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is most descriptive of the capillary?

Correct Answer
verified
D

Correct Answer
verified

Which is an example of a physiologic shunt?

Correct Answer
verified

What is the function of the atrioventricular (AV) valves?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following values reflects a normal cardiac output at rest?

Correct Answer
verified

A patient reports feeling dizzy after standing quickly.Which finding could provide a clue regarding the cause?

Correct Answer
verified

A patient is admitted with a diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction.The monitor pattern reveals bradycardia.Occlusion of which coronary artery most likely resulted in bradycardia from sinoatrial node ischemia?

Correct Answer
verified

What are the two important proteins contained within the cardiac cells that contribute to contraction?

Correct Answer
verified

The atrioventricular (AV) node delays the conduction impulse from the atria (0.8-1.2 seconds) for what reasons?

Correct Answer
verified
B

Which factors influence stroke volume?

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 11: Cardiovascular Anatomy and Physiology

What is one hemodynamic effect of a pericardial effusion?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What percentage of volume does atrial kick contribute to ventricular filling?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Place the following components of the cardiac conduction pathway in the correct anatomic order. 1) Atrioventricular node 2) Bundle branches 3) Bundle of His 4) Internodal pathways 5) Purkinje fibers 6) Sinoatrial node

Correct AnswerverifiedA

Which phase is the final repolarization phase of the action potential?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which statement regarding the autonomic nervous system's role in the regulation of heart rate is true?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which step of impulse conduction is most conducive to atrial kick?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the name of the valve that allows blood flow into pulmonary artery?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Depolarization of one myocardial cell will likely result in what physiologic response?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An echocardiogram reveals an ejection fraction of 55%.On the basis of this information,how would the patient's cardiac function be described?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is most descriptive of the capillary?

Correct AnswerverifiedD

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which is an example of a physiologic shunt?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is the function of the atrioventricular (AV) valves?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following values reflects a normal cardiac output at rest?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A patient reports feeling dizzy after standing quickly.Which finding could provide a clue regarding the cause?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A patient is admitted with a diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction.The monitor pattern reveals bradycardia.Occlusion of which coronary artery most likely resulted in bradycardia from sinoatrial node ischemia?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What are the two important proteins contained within the cardiac cells that contribute to contraction?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The atrioventricular (AV) node delays the conduction impulse from the atria (0.8-1.2 seconds) for what reasons?

Correct AnswerverifiedB

Which factors influence stroke volume?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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A

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D

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B

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