Question 1

A chain of rod-shaped cells would be called a ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  palisade
B)  Staphylobacillus
C)  streptobacillus
D)  staphylococcus
E)  streptococcusF) A) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 2

A bacterial cell exhibiting chemotaxis must have ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  a capsule
B)  flagella
C)  thylakoids
D)  metachromatic granules
E)  fimbriaeF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 3

The transfer of genes during bacterial conjugation involves rigid, tubular appendages called ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  periplasmic flagella (axial filaments) 
B)  fimbriae
C)  sex pili
D)  cilia
E)  flagellaF) None of the above
G) A) and E)

Question 4

Two structures that allow bacteria to adhere to surfaces are ______ and ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  actin filaments; phospholipid membranes
B)  lipopolysaccharide; techoic acid
C)  endospores; metachromatic granules
D)  fimbriae; capsules
E)  pili; ribosomesF) A) and D)
G) C) and D)

Question 5

Which of the following is not a characteristic of bacteria?

Accepted Answer

A)  Ribosomes are present as the site of protein synthesis.
B)  Organelles termed mitochondria are the site of ATP production.
C)  The cell wall is made of peptidoglycan or other distinct polysaccharides.
D)  DNA is free in the cytoplasm.E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 6

Chemical analysis of a bacterial cell detects dipicolinic acid.What is the identity of this structure?

Accepted Answer

A)  Nucleoid
B)  Cell wall
C)  Biofilm
D)  Capsule
E)  EndosporeF) All of the above
G) B) and E)

Question 7

Flagella move in a whip-like motion.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

The cell membrane, the cell wall, and the outer membrane comprise the ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  cell envelope
B)  slime layer
C)  glycocalyx
D)  S-layer
E)  PeptidoglycanF) A) and B)
G) B) and D)

Question 9

Endospores are

Accepted Answer

A)  metabolically inactive.
B)  resistant to heat and chemical treatments.
C)  resistant to destruction by radiation.
D)  living structures.
E)  All of the choices are correct.F) B) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 10

If the bacterial cells were viewed immediately after crystal violet was applied during the Gram stain procedure, gram-positive cells would be purple but gram-negative cells would be colorless.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

E. coli has been isolated and cultured from three different individuals. Upon biochemical testing of these three cultures, you find that there are differences in some reactions. What is the best explanation of these differences?

Accepted Answer

A)   These represent three different species of E. coli.
B)   This is normal genetic variation seen among strains of E. coli.
C)   Two of the cultures are mutants of the other.
D)   The other two cultures are not really E. coli.
E)   Mistakes have been made in the test interpretation.F) B) and E)
G) B) and C)

Question 12

The term that refers to the presence of flagella all over the cell surface is ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  peritrichous
B)  lophotrichous
C)  monotrichous
D)  atrichous
E)  amphitrichousF) A) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 13

The function of bacterial endospores is

Accepted Answer

A)  to provide a protected site for photosynthesis.
B)  storage of excess cellular building blocks.
C)  protection of genetic material during harsh conditions.
D)  reproduction and growth.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 14

You've just isolated a new bacterium in pure culture, and you culture it on a general purpose medium where its cells have a coccobacillus morphology.When you examine the cells after culturing on a variety of differential media, you find that in some cases, the cells appear as coccobacillus, but in others, they can be filamentous, cocci, or club-shaped.The best explanation for this observation is that

Accepted Answer

A)  the media were incubated at an incorrect temperature.
B)  the differential media are contaminated.
C)  the microscope is out of adjustment.
D)  the bacterium is pleomorphic.
E)  your culture has become contaminated.F) B) and C)
G) B) and E)

Question 15

A research laboratory that identifies the subspecies of bacterial isolates from a recent Salmonella epidemic would refer to Bergey's Manual of ______ Bacteriology for guidance in identification.

Accepted Answer

A)  Systematic
B)  Classical
C)  Evolutionary
D)  DeterminativeE) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 16

Lipopolysaccharide is an important cell envelope component of ______.

Accepted Answer

A)  acid-fast bacteria
B)  gram-positive bacteria
C)  gram-negative bacteria
D)  mycoplasmas
E)  protoplastsF) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 17

Mycobacterium and Nocardia are different from most gram-positive bacteria in that their cell walls

Accepted Answer

A)  contain a layer of lipopolysaccharide.
B)  contain more peptidoglycan.
C)  are easily decolorized during staining.
D)  contain unique, waxy lipids.E) C) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 18

Researchers studying the rigidity and flexibility of the cell envelope used chemotaxis to measure the ability of microbes to squeeze through tight spaces. E. coli, a gram-negative bacterium, was able to traverse narrower channels than B. subtilis, a gram-positive microbe, even though both cells are the same size when grown without restriction. E. coli has the more flexible cell envelope because

Accepted Answer

A)   lipopolysaccharide has no charge.
B)   it has fewer flagella.
C)   it has only a single membrane.
D)   there is less structural carbohydrate.
E)   there are fewer protein receptors.F) C) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 19

During the Gram stain, the application of alcohol results in the decolorization of ______ cells.

Accepted Answer

A)  gram-positive
B)  gram-negative
C)  all
D)  pleomorphicE) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 20

You apply the acid-fast stain method to a patient's specimen, an aspirate from the lungs.Microscopic examination reveals a large number of bright pink-red bacillus-shaped bacteria in the smear.Which statement is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  This is the expected outcome for normal sputum.
B)  The patient has pneumonia.
C)  The patient has tuberculosis.
D)  The patient has an HIV infection.E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

Exam 4: Bacteria and Archaea

The term that refers to the presence of flagella all over the cell surface is ______.

Correct Answer
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Correct Answer
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E. coli has been isolated and cultured from three different individuals. Upon biochemical testing of these three cultures, you find that there are differences in some reactions. What is the best explanation of these differences?

Correct Answer
verified

Chemical analysis of a bacterial cell detects dipicolinic acid.What is the identity of this structure?

Correct Answer
verified

A research laboratory that identifies the subspecies of bacterial isolates from a recent Salmonella epidemic would refer to Bergey's Manual of ______ Bacteriology for guidance in identification.

Correct Answer
verified

The function of bacterial endospores is

Correct Answer
verified

You apply the acid-fast stain method to a patient's specimen, an aspirate from the lungs.Microscopic examination reveals a large number of bright pink-red bacillus-shaped bacteria in the smear.Which statement is true?

Correct Answer
verified

Flagella move in a whip-like motion.

Correct Answer
verified

During the Gram stain, the application of alcohol results in the decolorization of ______ cells.

Correct Answer
verified

Endospores are

Correct Answer
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If the bacterial cells were viewed immediately after crystal violet was applied during the Gram stain procedure, gram-positive cells would be purple but gram-negative cells would be colorless.

Correct Answer
verified

Lipopolysaccharide is an important cell envelope component of ______.

Correct Answer
verified

The cell membrane, the cell wall, and the outer membrane comprise the ______.

Correct Answer
verified

A chain of rod-shaped cells would be called a ______.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Two structures that allow bacteria to adhere to surfaces are and .

Correct Answer
verified

Mycobacterium and Nocardia are different from most gram-positive bacteria in that their cell walls

Correct Answer
verified

The transfer of genes during bacterial conjugation involves rigid, tubular appendages called ______.

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is not a characteristic of bacteria?

Correct Answer
verified

A bacterial cell exhibiting chemotaxis must have ______.

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 4: Bacteria and Archaea

The term that refers to the presence of flagella all over the cell surface is ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

E. coli has been isolated and cultured from three different individuals. Upon biochemical testing of these three cultures, you find that there are differences in some reactions. What is the best explanation of these differences?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Chemical analysis of a bacterial cell detects dipicolinic acid.What is the identity of this structure?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A research laboratory that identifies the subspecies of bacterial isolates from a recent Salmonella epidemic would refer to Bergey's Manual of ______ Bacteriology for guidance in identification.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The function of bacterial endospores is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You apply the acid-fast stain method to a patient's specimen, an aspirate from the lungs.Microscopic examination reveals a large number of bright pink-red bacillus-shaped bacteria in the smear.Which statement is true?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Flagella move in a whip-like motion.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During the Gram stain, the application of alcohol results in the decolorization of ______ cells.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Endospores are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If the bacterial cells were viewed immediately after crystal violet was applied during the Gram stain procedure, gram-positive cells would be purple but gram-negative cells would be colorless.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Lipopolysaccharide is an important cell envelope component of ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The cell membrane, the cell wall, and the outer membrane comprise the ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A chain of rod-shaped cells would be called a ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Two structures that allow bacteria to adhere to surfaces are ______ and ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Mycobacterium and Nocardia are different from most gram-positive bacteria in that their cell walls

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The transfer of genes during bacterial conjugation involves rigid, tubular appendages called ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is not a characteristic of bacteria?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A bacterial cell exhibiting chemotaxis must have ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
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Two structures that allow bacteria to adhere to surfaces are and .

Correct Answer
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