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Which of the following is a drawback of relying on an export management company (EMC) ?


A) It does not provide references and has no antecedents.
B) The exporting company can fail to develop its own exporting capabilities.
C) It does not have expert specialists to help a neophyte exporter identify opportunities.
D) It typically lacks information about local business regulations.
E) The exporting company cannot avoid the common pitfalls of exporting.

F) A) and E)
G) A) and D)

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Countertrade's main attraction is that it can give a firm a way to finance an export deal when other means are not available.

A) True
B) False

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Which of the following is true of counterpurchase?


A) It is the most restrictive countertrade arrangement.
B) It is a reciprocal buying agreement.
C) It is the simplest countertrade arrangement.
D) It uses a specialized third-party trading house.
E) It is the direct exchange of goods without a cash transaction.

F) C) and D)
G) A) and E)

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Many medium-sized and small firms are not proactive in seeking export opportunities because:


A) they are familiar with the foreign market and do not find it challenging enough.
B) the export market is similar to the home market in terms of legal and business practices.
C) they are intimidated by the complexities and mechanics of exporting to foreign countries.
D) domestic regulations limit their ability to export profitably.
E) they can't recruit managers with the expertise needed to cultivate business in foreign countries.

F) All of the above
G) A) and E)

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A firm that enters many markets at once:


A) runs the risk of spreading its limited management resources too thin.
B) becomes established in all the markets.
C) gets the time to learn about each market.
D) has fewer export opportunities.
E) reduces the costs of any subsequent failure.

F) A) and E)
G) A) and C)

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Which of the following is the first step in a typical international trade transaction?


A) The exporter agrees to ship under a letter of credit and specifies relevant information such as prices and delivery terms.
B) The importer applies to a trusted third party (usually a bank) for a letter of credit to be issued in favor of the exporter for the merchandise the importer wishes to buy.
C) The importer places an order with the exporter and asks the exporter if he would be willing to ship under a letter of credit.
D) The exporter ships the goods to the importer on a common carrier. An official of the carrier gives the exporter a bill of lading.
E) The trusted third party (usually a bank) issues a letter of credit in the importer's favor and sends it to the exporter's bank.

F) B) and D)
G) B) and C)

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In international commerce, time drafts are negotiable instruments.

A) True
B) False

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Countertrade is most likely to be used when:


A) the foreign currency is easily convertible.
B) the exporter has a letter of credit.
C) the conventional means of international trade transaction are difficult.
D) there is mutual trust between the exporter and the importer.
E) an export management company is used.

F) C) and D)
G) A) and D)

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In international commerce, a person or business initiating a draft is known as the drafter and the party to whom the draft is presented is known as the draftee.

A) True
B) False

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Describe the Foreign Credit Insurance Association (FCIA). What types of risks does it cover?

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In the United States, export credit insu...

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Which of the following is true of the export performance of the United States, Germany, and Japan?


A) Historically, the United States has made its living as a trading nation.
B) Germany has been a relatively self-contained continental economy in which international trade played a minor role.
C) Unlike Japan, U.S. firms have a strong information advantage when they seek export opportunities.
D) The United States has not yet evolved an institutional structure for promoting exports similar to that of Germany.
E) The Ministry of International Trade and Industry (MITI) in the United States is always on the lookout for export opportunities.

F) None of the above
G) All of the above

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In terms of using a third party in international trade, title to the products is given to a bank by the exporter in the form of a document known as a:


A) merchandise bill.
B) bill of lading.
C) bill of exchange.
D) draft.
E) letter of credit.

F) None of the above
G) All of the above

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A firm concludes a counterpurchase agreement with a foreign country for which it receives some counterpurchase credits for purchasing its goods. The firm does not want any foreign goods, however, so it sells the credits to a third-party trading house at a discount. The trading house finds a firm that can use the credits and sells them at a profit. This is an example of:


A) barter.
B) switch trading.
C) an offset.
D) a buyback.
E) compensation.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and E)

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What are export management companies? What are their advantages and disadvantages?

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Export management companies (EMCs) are e...

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Which of the following is true of exporting?


A) Many foreign customers require face-to-face negotiations on their home turf.
B) Large firms tend to wait for the world to come to them, rather than going out into the world to seek opportunities.
C) Exporters have the advantage of reduced paperwork and fewer formalities.
D) Medium-sized and small firms are proactive about seeking opportunities for profitable exporting.
E) Firms that focus only on exporting often lose out on significant opportunities for growth and cost reduction.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and D)

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In international commerce, an order written by an exporter instructing an importer to pay a specified amount of money at a specified time is known as a:


A) bill of lading.
B) draft.
C) letter of credit.
D) counterpurchase.
E) buyback.

F) B) and C)
G) B) and E)

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When a bill of lading specifies that the carrier is obligated to provide a transportation service in return for a certain charge, it serves as a:


A) contract.
B) receipt.
C) document of title.
D) letter of credit.
E) bill of exchange.

F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

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When a bill of lading is used to obtain payment or a written promise of payment before the merchandise is released to the importer, it serves as a:


A) document of title.
B) contract.
C) receipt.
D) time draft.
E) collateral.

F) A) and B)
G) B) and E)

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Briefly describe the different forms of government-backed assistance that help potential U.S. exporters finance their export programs.

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Prospective U.S. exporters can draw on t...

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The Export-Import Bank provides financing aid to prospective U.S. exporters.

A) True
B) False

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