Question 1

Which element is necessary for bacteria to multiply?

Accepted Answer

A)   Iron
B)   Zinc
C)   Iodine
D)   CopperE) A) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 2

What is colonization?

Accepted Answer

A)   The ability of a pathogen to invade and multiply in the host
B)   The presence of pathogens on or in the body without tissue invasion
C)   An important factor in determining a pathogen's degree of virulence
D)   Direct damage to cells rendering them dysfunctionalE) None of the above
F) A) and D) B

Question 3

Cytokines are thought to raise the thermoregulatory set point to cause fever by stimulating the synthesis of which chemical mediator?

Accepted Answer

A)   Leukotriene
B)   Histamine
C)   Prostaglandin
D)   BradykininE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 4

Once they have penetrated the first line of defense,which microorganisms do natural killer cells actively attack?

Accepted Answer

A)   Bacteria
B)   Fungi
C)   Viruses
D)   MycoplasmaE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 5

MATCHING
Match term with its definition.
-The ability of an agent to produce disease

Accepted Answer

A)  Toxigenicity
B)  Infectivity
C)  Colonization
D)  Pathogenicity
E)  VirulenceF) B) and D)
G) C) and E)

Question 6

Match the microorganism with its characteristics.(Answers may be used more than once. ) 
-Invade skin,hair and nails

Accepted Answer

A)  Bacteria
B)  Viruses
C)  Mycoses
D)  DermatophytesE) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 7

For which microorganisms is the skin the site of reproduction?

Accepted Answer

A)   Viruses
B)   Bacteria and fungi
C)   Protozoa and rickettsiae
D)   MycoplasmaE) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 8

One systemic manifestation of an acute inflammatory response is fever that is produced by:

Accepted Answer

A)   endogenous pyrogens acting directly on the hypothalamus.
B)   exogenous pyrogens acting directly on the hypothalamus.
C)   immune complexes acting indirectly on the hypothalamus.
D)   cytokines acting indirectly on the hypothalamus.E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 9

Which statement is true about fungal infections?

Accepted Answer

A)   They occur only on skin,hair,and nails.
B)   They are controlled by phagocytes and T lymphocytes.
C)   They result in release of endotoxins.
D)   They are be prevented by vaccines.E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 10

Once they have penetrated the first line of defense,which microorganisms do neutrophils actively attack,engulf and destroy by phagocytosis?

Accepted Answer

A)   Bacteria
B)   Fungi
C)   Viruses
D)   MycoplasmaE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 11

In a bacterial infection,what activates helper T cells?

Accepted Answer

A)   Macrophage display of antigens
B)   Phagocytosis by neutrophils
C)   Activation of the complement cascade
D)   Cytokines engulf bacteriaE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 12

Match the microorganism with its characteristics.(Answers may be used more than once. ) 
-Grow as parasites on or near skin and mucous membranes

Accepted Answer

A)  Bacteria
B)  Viruses
C)  Mycoses
D)  DermatophytesE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 13

Viruses have no metabolism and are incapable of independent reproduction.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Macrophages bind to the surface of bacteria,act as opsonins and activate complement.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Diseases caused by fungi are called mycoses.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

How do pathogens use antigenic shifts to escape recognition by host defenses?

Accepted Answer

A)   By creating mutations allowing for the emergence of new strains of pathogens
B)   By a recombination of genes from different pathogens
C)   By pathogens switching genes off and on to avoid host's immune response
D)   By changing the appearance of surface antigens to avoid detectionE) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 17

Which mechanism is used by bacteria such as Staphylococcus,Streptococcus and Mycobacterium tuberculosis to fight off or alter the human inflammatory response or resist immune defenses?

Accepted Answer

A)   They coat the surfaces to inhibit phagocytosis.
B)   They produce toxins that damage cells and alter function.
C)   They create surface receptors that bind to host cells.
D)   They produce proteases to digest immunoglobulins.E) C) and D)
F) B) and D) B

Question 18

How are vaccines against viruses made?

Accepted Answer

A)   Vaccines are made from killed organisms or extracts of antigens.
B)   Vaccines are made from live organisms weakened so that antigens,which limits controllable infection.
C)   Vaccines are made from purified toxins that have been chemically detoxified without loss of immunogenicity.
D)   Vaccines are made from recombinant pathogenic protein.E) A) and B)
F) B) and C) B

Question 19

Which statement about vaccines is true?

Accepted Answer

A)   Most bacterial vaccines contain attenuated organisms.
B)   Most viral vaccines are made by using dead organisms.
C)   Vaccines with booster injections induce primary and secondary immune responses.
D)   Vaccines provide effective protection for all people against viruses,bacteria and fungal infections.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 20

Match the microorganism with its characteristics.(Answers may be used more than once. ) 
-Use metabolism of hosts cells to proliferate

Accepted Answer

A)  Bacteria
B)  Viruses
C)  Mycoses
D)  DermatophytesE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Exam 9: Infection Including Hivaids

Which element is necessary for bacteria to multiply?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is colonization?

Correct AnswerverifiedB

Cytokines are thought to raise the thermoregulatory set point to cause fever by stimulating the synthesis of which chemical mediator?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Once they have penetrated the first line of defense,which microorganisms do natural killer cells actively attack?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

MATCHING Match term with its definition. -The ability of an agent to produce disease

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Match the microorganism with its characteristics.(Answers may be used more than once. ) -Invade skin,hair and nails

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

For which microorganisms is the skin the site of reproduction?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

One systemic manifestation of an acute inflammatory response is fever that is produced by:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which statement is true about fungal infections?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Once they have penetrated the first line of defense,which microorganisms do neutrophils actively attack,engulf and destroy by phagocytosis?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In a bacterial infection,what activates helper T cells?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Match the microorganism with its characteristics.(Answers may be used more than once. ) -Grow as parasites on or near skin and mucous membranes

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Viruses have no metabolism and are incapable of independent reproduction.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Macrophages bind to the surface of bacteria,act as opsonins and activate complement.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Diseases caused by fungi are called mycoses.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How do pathogens use antigenic shifts to escape recognition by host defenses?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which mechanism is used by bacteria such as Staphylococcus,Streptococcus and Mycobacterium tuberculosis to fight off or alter the human inflammatory response or resist immune defenses?

Correct AnswerverifiedB

How are vaccines against viruses made?

Correct AnswerverifiedB

Which statement about vaccines is true?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Match the microorganism with its characteristics.(Answers may be used more than once. ) -Use metabolism of hosts cells to proliferate

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
B

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
B

Correct Answer
verified
B

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified