Question 1

Tight junctions prevent the movement of the extracellular matrix between cells.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 2

After a sex hormone enters a target cell,it

Accepted Answer

A)   binds to the nucleus.
B)   becomes a signaling protein.
C)   binds to an internal receptor protein.
D)   becomes a gene.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 3

A concentration ________ is said to exist when a molecule is more abundant in one area than it is in another.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A concentration ________ is said to exist...

Question 4

Elevated cholesterol and LDL (the particles that transport cholesterol) have been strongly associated with vascular disease;what process(es) lead to the elevated levels?

Accepted Answer

A)   excessive absorption of cholesterol from the GI tract
B)   reduced production of cholesterol by the liver
C)   increased acceptance of cholesterol by body cells
D)   reduced conversion of cholesterol into sex hormone receptor moleculesE) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 5

The principle of cell ________ is that different cells in the same organism may have different functions.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The principle of cell ________ is that...

Question 6

The concentration of glucose inside a cell is higher than the concentration outside that cell,yet glucose continues to enter the cell.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)   passive transport.
B)   diffusion.
C)   active transport.
D)   osmotic transport.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 7

Imagine a cell needing an essential specific amino acid (one the cell cannot synthesize) .What process could acquire the amino acid most quickly?

Accepted Answer

A)   Phagocytize and digest bacteria,extract the specific amino acid from the residue,and release to the cytoplasm.
B)   Place a transporter protein in the membrane that could carry the amino acid across the membrane.
C)   Use receptor-mediated endocytosis.
D)   Use simple diffusion because the concentration of the needed amino acid will be zero and the gradient will always be maximized.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 8

What best explains the double-headed arrows associated with carbon dioxide and molecular oxygen shown in the following illustration?

Accepted Answer

A)   Individual molecules are unable to cross the membrane,but they can be found in relatively large numbers on both sides.
B)   The membrane is permeable to these small molecules and they enter or leave rapidly as their concentration gradients change.
C)   An isotonic condition exists for each molecule,so no net movement takes place.
D)   Homeostasis requires that surplus molecules entering the cell be rejected and returned to the outside.E) B) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 9

When the solute concentration outside a cell is equal to the solute concentration inside the cell,the cell is in a(n)________ solution.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When the solute concentration outside a cell...

Question 10

The human hormone insulin is produced only by a single organ,the pancreas,yet insulin is used to move glucose from the bloodstream into cells all over the body.What aspect of hormones makes it possible for insulin to work throughout the body?

Accepted Answer

A)   Hormones are able to stop cell-to-cell communication.
B)   Hormones all cross cell membranes,and thus can move freely throughout the body.
C)   Hormones cause rapid cell-to-cell signaling.
D)   Hormones are long-range signaling molecules.E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 11

Imagine two solutions separated by a selectively permeable membrane that is impermeable to glucose.On one side of the membrane,solution A contains 10 percent glucose and on the other side,solution B contains 25 percent glucose.Which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

A)   Solution A is hypertonic relative to solution B.
B)   The concentration of water is greatest in solution B.
C)   Water will move from solution A to solution B.
D)   Glucose will diffuse from solution B to solution A.E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 12

Plasmodesmata are not found in animal cells.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

After entering its target cell,a hydrophobic hormone binds to its intracellular receptor and then interacts with the cell's DNA,resulting in the production of a specific ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of After entering its target cell,a hydrophobic hormone...

Question 14

Cell signaling

Accepted Answer

A)   is always a rapid process.
B)   can be fast or slow.
C)   is always a slow process.
D)   does not occur in plants.E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 15

Even though the concentration of water in a cell remains constant in an isotonic solution,the random movement of water molecules during ________ requires that water be constantly moving in both directions across the plasma membrane.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Even though the concentration of water in...

Question 16

Which of the following signaling molecules would NOT be found in animals?

Accepted Answer

A)   auxin
B)   insulin
C)   adrenaline
D)   testosteroneE) A) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 17

Soon after a certain molecule enters a cell,the cell begins producing a new type of protein.The molecule was probably a

Accepted Answer

A)   receptor molecule.
B)   hydrophilic molecule.
C)   carrier protein.
D)   hydrophobic hormone.E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 18

A given signaling molecule can bind to several different kinds of cell surface receptors.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 19

Which of the following would directly supply energy to an active carrier protein?

Accepted Answer

A)   starch
B)   sugars
C)   ATP
D)   fatty acidsE) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 20

Osmoregulation refers to balancing water concentrations in organisms and cells.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Exam 4: Cell Membranes, Transport, and Communication

Which of the following would directly supply energy to an active carrier protein?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The human hormone insulin is produced only by a single organ,the pancreas,yet insulin is used to move glucose from the bloodstream into cells all over the body.What aspect of hormones makes it possible for insulin to work throughout the body?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

After entering its target cell,a hydrophobic hormone binds to its intracellular receptor and then interacts with the cell's DNA,resulting in the production of a specific ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What best explains the double-headed arrows associated with carbon dioxide and molecular oxygen shown in the following illustration?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Cell signaling

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Elevated cholesterol and LDL (the particles that transport cholesterol) have been strongly associated with vascular disease;what process(es) lead to the elevated levels?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Imagine two solutions separated by a selectively permeable membrane that is impermeable to glucose.On one side of the membrane,solution A contains 10 percent glucose and on the other side,solution B contains 25 percent glucose.Which of the following is true?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Imagine a cell needing an essential specific amino acid (one the cell cannot synthesize) .What process could acquire the amino acid most quickly?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A given signaling molecule can bind to several different kinds of cell surface receptors.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A concentration ________ is said to exist when a molecule is more abundant in one area than it is in another.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The concentration of glucose inside a cell is higher than the concentration outside that cell,yet glucose continues to enter the cell.This is an example of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Even though the concentration of water in a cell remains constant in an isotonic solution,the random movement of water molecules during ________ requires that water be constantly moving in both directions across the plasma membrane.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Tight junctions prevent the movement of the extracellular matrix between cells.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Soon after a certain molecule enters a cell,the cell begins producing a new type of protein.The molecule was probably a

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following signaling molecules would NOT be found in animals?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Osmoregulation refers to balancing water concentrations in organisms and cells.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When the solute concentration outside a cell is equal to the solute concentration inside the cell,the cell is in a(n)________ solution.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

After a sex hormone enters a target cell,it

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The principle of cell ________ is that different cells in the same organism may have different functions.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Plasmodesmata are not found in animal cells.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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