Question 1

Small foreign molecules that are too small by themselves to elicit an immune response are termed ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   haptens
B)   antigen binding sites
C)   epitopes
D)   variable regionsE) All of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 2

Not all phagocytic cells are antigen-presenting cells.B cells,macrophages,and dendritic cells differ from neutrophils in that they synthesize ______ .

Accepted Answer

A)   CD8 receptors
B)   MHC-II receptors
C)   MHC-I receptors
D)   interleukin-2
E)   CD4 receptorsF) B) and C)
G) B) and D)

Question 3

Which of the following is a special binding substance that enhances immunogenicity and prolongs antigen retention at the injection site?

Accepted Answer

A)   "Trojan horse" recombinant vaccine
B)   Booster
C)   Gamma globulin
D)   Antibodies to toxin
E)   AdjuvantF) D) and E)
G) B) and E)

Question 4

The array of potential antibodies to the variety of possible antigens is amazing.Which statement explains this development?

Accepted Answer

A)   Mutations in the antibody gene occur within the activated B cells, since they meet the antigen.
B)   The existing antibody molecules change their shapes, allowing them to fit with a large number of antigens.
C)   There is a shuffling of genes that code for self markers as well as nonself markers, mixing them together and producing reactive lymphocytes to those markers.
D)   Recombination of genes coding for the variable regions of immunoglobulins occurs during the developmental stage of lymphocyte production.E) C) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 5

Cell surface markers involved in immune reactions

Accepted Answer

A)   are the result of genetic expression.
B)   function in recognition of self molecules.
C)   receive and transmit chemical messages among other cells of the system.
D)   aid in cellular development.
E)   All of the choices are correct.F) C) and D)
G) B) and D)

Question 6

The major histocompatibility complex is

Accepted Answer

A)   a set of glycoproteins, called MHC antigens, found on all body cells.
B)   a set of genes that code for MHC glycoproteins.
C)   found on the third chromosome.
D)   located in the thymus gland.
E)   All of the choices are correct.F) A) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 7

The hinge region of an antibody has a hypervariable amino acid region where the antigenic determinant fits.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

A cytotoxic T lymphocyte,having been activated against a particular viral antigen,"sees" this same antigen displayed on the surface of a host cell.What will happen?

Accepted Answer

A)   The cytotoxic T cell will produce proteins that cause the host body cell to die.
B)   The cytotoxic body cell will activate B cells which then produce antibody against the antigen.
C)   The antigen will move inside of the host body cell, thereby hiding from the cytotoxic T cell.
D)   The cytotoxic T cell will produce antibodies against the antigen.E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Question 9

Helper T cells

Accepted Answer

A)   activate B cells and other T cells.
B)   suppress immune reactions.
C)   function in allergic reactions.
D)   directly destroy target cells.
E)   secrete antibodies.F) B) and E)
G) A) and E)

Question 10

One plasma cell will secrete antibodies of various classes,but the antibodies will all have the same specificity.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

Which immunoglobulin class/es can fix complement?

Accepted Answer

A)   IgM only
B)   IgG only
C)   IgD only
D)   IgM and IgG
E)   IgE and IgAF) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 12

The structural and functional differences that distinguish immunoglobulin isotypes are due to variations associated with their Fc fragments.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

The immunoglobulin class that has a dimer form found in mucus,saliva,colostrum,and other body secretions is ______.

Accepted Answer

A)   IgG
B)   IgM
C)   IgD
D)   IgA
E)   IgEF) B) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 14

Properties of effective antigens include all of the following except

Accepted Answer

A)   they are foreign to the immune system.
B)   they have molecular complexity.
C)   they are large molecules with a minimum molecular weight of 1,000.
D)   they are large polymers made up of repeating subunits.
E)   they are cells or large, complex molecules.F) A) and B)
G) All of the above

Question 15

B and T lymphocytes are specific; they have only a single type of cell marker on their surface.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Acquired specific immunity involves the response of

Accepted Answer

A)   interferon.
B)   mucus membranes.
C)   skin barriers.
D)   lysozyme.
E)   B and T lymphocytes.F) B) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 17

During presentation of APC-bound antigen,macrophages and dendritic cells secrete the cytokine _____,which activates T helper cells.

Accepted Answer

A)   interferon
B)   histamine
C)   interleukin-2
D)   interleukin-1E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 18

Autoimmune disorders are characterized by immune destruction of self tissues.The underlying basis of these disorders is

Accepted Answer

A)   lack of an anamnestic response.
B)   an overproduction of complement.
C)   a lack of immune tolerance.
D)   an oversecretion of antibodies from memory B cells.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 19

The histocompatibility complex proteins function in

Accepted Answer

A)   antibody proliferation.
B)   T cell maturation.
C)   recognition of self.
D)   B cell maturation.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 20

During which response to the antigen do we display a latent period of no secretory antibody synthesis?

Accepted Answer

A)   Primary
B)   Secondary
C)   Tertiary
D)   QuaternaryE) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

Exam 15: Host Defenses II: Specific Immunity and Immunization

Acquired specific immunity involves the response of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is a special binding substance that enhances immunogenicity and prolongs antigen retention at the injection site?

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The hinge region of an antibody has a hypervariable amino acid region where the antigenic determinant fits.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The major histocompatibility complex is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The histocompatibility complex proteins function in

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The array of potential antibodies to the variety of possible antigens is amazing.Which statement explains this development?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

One plasma cell will secrete antibodies of various classes,but the antibodies will all have the same specificity.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A cytotoxic T lymphocyte,having been activated against a particular viral antigen,"sees" this same antigen displayed on the surface of a host cell.What will happen?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The immunoglobulin class that has a dimer form found in mucus,saliva,colostrum,and other body secretions is ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Cell surface markers involved in immune reactions

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

B and T lymphocytes are specific; they have only a single type of cell marker on their surface.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The structural and functional differences that distinguish immunoglobulin isotypes are due to variations associated with their Fc fragments.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Small foreign molecules that are too small by themselves to elicit an immune response are termed ______.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During which response to the antigen do we display a latent period of no secretory antibody synthesis?

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Not all phagocytic cells are antigen-presenting cells.B cells,macrophages,and dendritic cells differ from neutrophils in that they synthesize ______ .

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Helper T cells

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Autoimmune disorders are characterized by immune destruction of self tissues.The underlying basis of these disorders is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Properties of effective antigens include all of the following except

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During presentation of APC-bound antigen,macrophages and dendritic cells secrete the cytokine _____,which activates T helper cells.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which immunoglobulin class/es can fix complement?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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