Question 1

The influenza virus contains an RNA genome.Why do scientists typically have to make a new vaccine for the flu every year?

Accepted Answer

A)  because our bodies develop resistance to the vaccine and it becomes less effective
B)  because the virus develops resistance to the vaccine
C)  because the virus can mutate into new strains
D)  because people change their habits each year and become susceptible to different strains of the virus
E)  because the common influenza virus can come from many species of animals including cats and dogsF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 2

What type of mutation occurred in the following?
Normal allele GGAAUGAAACAGGAACCC
Mutant allele GGAAUGAAACAGGUACCC

Accepted Answer

A)  substitution
B)  insertion
C)  deletion
D)  frameshiftE) A) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 3

Viruses are not considered to be alive,yet they share this ability with living cells:

Accepted Answer

A)  they can metabolize food.
B)  they can evolve.
C)  they can reproduce on their own.
D)  they can produce cell membranes.
E)  they can synthesize proteins on their own.F) A) and C)
G) None of the above

Question 4

Proteins are made up of many

Accepted Answer

A)  amino acids.
B)  RNA molecules only.
C)  DNA molecules only.
D)  RNA and DNA molecules.
E)  nucleotides.F) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 5

Only one of the two strands of DNA is transcribed because

Accepted Answer

A)  RNA polymerase binds to the promoter,initiating transcription on only one strand of DNA.
B)  the start of transcription is random along the chromosome and does not always occur on a gene.
C)  RNA polymerase binds to the terminator,stopping transcription on one strand of DNA.
D)  both strands are transcribed,but only one strand of DNA contains a reading frame.
E)  DNA consists of only one strand in the nucleus of the cell.F) B) and C)
G) B) and D)

Question 6

In a "frameshift" mutation

Accepted Answer

A)  the codon that mutates causes no change in the amino acid specified.
B)  the codon that mutates causes a stop codon to occur instead of the placement of an amino acid.
C)  the mutation does not occur in a codon.
D)  the mutation is caused by an addition or deletion of one or more nucleotides.
E)  the mutation is not in DNA.F) B) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 7

How many codons are in the mRNA sequence GGAAUGAAACAGGAACCC?

Accepted Answer

A)  0 because mRNA has only anticodons
B)  6
C)  27
D)  9
E)  3F) A) and B)
G) D) and E)

Question 8

HIV is a

Accepted Answer

A)  double-stranded DNA virus.
B)  single-stranded RNA virus.
C)  single-stranded DNA virus.
D)  double-stranded RNA virus.
E)  prion.F) C) and E)
G) B) and D)

Question 9

Little energy is needed for protein production because cells are efficient in transcription and translation.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 10

The Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) only affects a specific class of cells in the immune system called helper T cells,and not other types of T cells.Which is the best explanation for this observation?

Accepted Answer

A)  HIV can only replicate inside of helper T cells
B)  Only helper T cells have reverse transcriptase.
C)  The helper T cells are not necessary for the immune system to fight viral infections.
D)  Only helper T cells have the correct receptor on their cell surface.
E)  HIV can only be released from helper T cells.F) B) and E)
G) B) and C)

Question 11

Where is the majority of DNA located in a human cell?

Accepted Answer

A)  nucleus
B)  mitochondrion
C)  chloroplast
D)  ribosomeE) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 12

In the section "Investigating Life: Clues to the Origin of Language",what did scientists discover was the primary cause for language disorder in the affected family?

Accepted Answer

A)  The cause was one mutation in a single gene on one chromosome.
B)  The disorder was not inherited but related to diet.
C)  Affected family members were lacking vocal chords.
D)  The cause was multiple mutations in multiple genes on one chromosome.
E)  The cause was multiple mutations in multiple genes on many chromosomes.F) None of the above
G) All of the above

Question 13

There are only two main types of RNA needed to make proteins,tRNA and rRNA.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Amanatin is a toxin found in the death cap mushroom,Amanita phalloides.It inhibits RNA polymerase,thus blocking

Accepted Answer

A)  transcription.
B)  translation.
C)  replication.
D)  cell division.
E)  RNA splicing.F) A) and B)
G) All of the above

Question 15

Since viruses have no active methods of entering plant cells,they must rely upon mechanically-caused wounds,vegetative propagation of plants,grafting,seeds,pollen,and being carried on the mouth parts of chewing insects.Tobacco mosaic virus is most commonly introduced into plants through small wounds caused by handling and by insects chewing on plant parts.What would prevent viruses from easily entering plant cells?

Accepted Answer

A)  the cell wall on the virus
B)  the plasma membrane on the plant
C)  the cell wall on the plant
D)  the plasma membrane on the virus
E)  the protein coat on the virusF) None of the above
G) A) and B)

Question 16

What type of RNA carries the information that specifies a protein?

Accepted Answer

A)  transfer RNA
B)  ribosomal RNA
C)  messenger RNA
D)  double-stranded RNA
E)  complementary RNAF) B) and D)
G) B) and C)

Question 17

Although antibiotics do not kill viruses,they offer promise for destroying viroids and prions because of their actions on cell ribosomes and enzymes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

If

Accepted Answer

A)  the repressor will NOT bind the operator,thus allowing transcription of the lac operon genes.
B)  the repressor will bind the operator,thus allowing transcription of the lac operon genes.
C)  the repressor will NOT bind the operator,thus preventing transcription of the lac operon genes.
D)  the repressor will bind the operator,thus preventing transcription of the lac operon genes.
E)  coli bacterium are grown in the absence of lactoseF) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 19

In a "silent" mutation

Accepted Answer

A)  the codon that mutates causes a change in the amino acid specified.
B)  the codon that mutates does not cause a change in the amino acid specified.
C)  the codon that mutates causes a stop codon to occur instead of the placement of an amino acid.
D)  the mutation does not occur in a codon.
E)  the mutation is not in DNA.F) A) and E)
G) B) and E)

Question 20

The shape of a virus is determined by

Accepted Answer

A)  its DNA.
B)  its RNA.
C)  its envelope.
D)  its host.
E)  its coat protein organization.F) A) and B)
G) All of the above

Exam 7: DNA Structure and Gene Function

What type of mutation occurred in the following? Normal allele GGAAUGAAACAGGAACCC Mutant allele GGAAUGAAACAGGUACCC

Correct Answer
verified

Viruses are not considered to be alive,yet they share this ability with living cells:

Correct Answer
verified

Little energy is needed for protein production because cells are efficient in transcription and translation.

Correct Answer
verified

In a "silent" mutation

Correct Answer
verified

The Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) only affects a specific class of cells in the immune system called helper T cells,and not other types of T cells.Which is the best explanation for this observation?

Correct Answer
verified

How many codons are in the mRNA sequence GGAAUGAAACAGGAACCC?

Correct Answer
verified

HIV is a

Correct Answer
verified

Only one of the two strands of DNA is transcribed because

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

In the section "Investigating Life: Clues to the Origin of Language",what did scientists discover was the primary cause for language disorder in the affected family?

Correct Answer
verified

Proteins are made up of many

Correct Answer
verified

The shape of a virus is determined by

Correct Answer
verified

What type of RNA carries the information that specifies a protein?

Correct Answer
verified

Although antibiotics do not kill viruses,they offer promise for destroying viroids and prions because of their actions on cell ribosomes and enzymes.

Correct Answer
verified

If

Correct Answer
verified

In a "frameshift" mutation

Correct Answer
verified

The influenza virus contains an RNA genome.Why do scientists typically have to make a new vaccine for the flu every year?

Correct Answer
verified

Where is the majority of DNA located in a human cell?

Correct Answer
verified

Amanatin is a toxin found in the death cap mushroom,Amanita phalloides.It inhibits RNA polymerase,thus blocking

Correct Answer
verified

There are only two main types of RNA needed to make proteins,tRNA and rRNA.

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 7: DNA Structure and Gene Function

What type of mutation occurred in the following? Normal allele GGAAUGAAACAGGAACCC Mutant allele GGAAUGAAACAGGUACCC

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Viruses are not considered to be alive,yet they share this ability with living cells:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Little energy is needed for protein production because cells are efficient in transcription and translation.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In a "silent" mutation

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) only affects a specific class of cells in the immune system called helper T cells,and not other types of T cells.Which is the best explanation for this observation?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

How many codons are in the mRNA sequence GGAAUGAAACAGGAACCC?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

HIV is a

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Only one of the two strands of DNA is transcribed because

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the section "Investigating Life: Clues to the Origin of Language",what did scientists discover was the primary cause for language disorder in the affected family?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Proteins are made up of many

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The shape of a virus is determined by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What type of RNA carries the information that specifies a protein?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Although antibiotics do not kill viruses,they offer promise for destroying viroids and prions because of their actions on cell ribosomes and enzymes.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In a "frameshift" mutation

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The influenza virus contains an RNA genome.Why do scientists typically have to make a new vaccine for the flu every year?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Where is the majority of DNA located in a human cell?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Amanatin is a toxin found in the death cap mushroom,Amanita phalloides.It inhibits RNA polymerase,thus blocking

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

There are only two main types of RNA needed to make proteins,tRNA and rRNA.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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