Question 1

To investigate the effects of a new drug for hyperactivity,one group of children is given this new drug,while the other group is given a placebo.The experimenter has his assistant label the drug and the placebo with letter names so that he will not know which group of children is getting the placebo and which group is getting the new drug until the end of the experiment.This researcher is using a

Accepted Answer

A)  double-blind experiment to minimize research participant bias and researcher bias.
B)  single-blind experiment to minimize observer bias and the observer effect.
C)  triple-blind experiment that incorporates random selection and random assignment.
D)  placebo effect to maximize the self-fulfilling prophecy.E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 2

In research reports,a statement that "the results of the experiment were statistically significant" means that the difference must be large enough so that it would occur by chance in how many experiments out of 100?

Accepted Answer

A)  less than five
B)  less than 20
C)  more than five
D)  more than 20E) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 3

Giving placebos in drug experiments is necessary to

Accepted Answer

A)  counteract the random assignment of subjects.
B)  counteract the side effects of the drug.
C)  control for the effects of suggestion and expectation.
D)  keep control subjects from knowing they have been given the real drug.E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 4

An experiment is performed to see if background music improves learning.Two groups study the same material,one while listening to music and another without music.The independent variable is

Accepted Answer

A)  learning.
B)  the size of the group.
C)  the material studied.
D)  music.E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Question 5

You want to test people's reactions to a new artificial sweetener,so you plan to give them coffee with two different kinds of sweetener.However,you are worried about possible cues you may give people as to which sweetener they're getting.To address this,you have your assistant prepare the packets,so she knows which is which,but you do not.You then give the two coffees to your subjects.This type of experiment is called a ______ experiment.

Accepted Answer

A)  double-blind
B)  single-blind
C)  placebo effect
D)  placebo biasE) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 6

A researcher wants to determine the effect of sleep loss on human problem-solving.Subjects in an appropriate control group for such an experiment would be described as having

Accepted Answer

A)  much more sleep than normal.
B)  much less sleep than normal.
C)  a normal amount of sleep.
D)  the same amount of sleep as the experimental group.E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 7

The control group and the experimental group are treated exactly the same EXCEPT for the ______ variable.

Accepted Answer

A)  dependent
B)  independent
C)  extraneous
D)  replicationE) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 8

To replicate an experiment means to

Accepted Answer

A)  use control groups and experimental groups.
B)  use statistics to determine the effect of chance.
C)  control for the effects of extraneous variables.
D)  repeat the experiment using either identical or improved research methods.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 9

In a research study,when the subjects do not know who is in the experimental group and who is in the control group,but the experimenters do know,the study is called a(n)  ______ experiment.

Accepted Answer

A)  single-blind
B)  double-blind
C)  independent
D)  dependentE) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 10

Psychologist Davis Strayer wanted to find out if using a cell phone while driving a car affected the likelihood of having an accident.First,he formed two groups of people and gave members of one group a test of driving ability while they were using a cell phone with the second group taking the driving test without using a cell phone.He confirmed that almost all drivers talking on cell phones drive no better than people who are legally drunk and are more likely to have an accident.In his study,Dr.Strayer used

Accepted Answer

A)  naturalistic observation.
B)  the experimental method.
C)  the survey method.
D)  a correlational study.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 11

Changes in subjects' behavior caused by the unintended influence of an experimenter's actions is referred to as

Accepted Answer

A)  researcher bias.
B)  the field experiment effect.
C)  research participant bias.
D)  the extraneous effect.E) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 12

A single-blind experiment would most likely be used to minimize researcher bias.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 13

Tina is assigned to the group that receives the independent variable.Tina is in the ______ group.

Accepted Answer

A)  independent
B)  dependent
C)  control
D)  experimentalE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 14

An experiment in which neither the subjects nor the experimenters administering the drugs know who is receiving the real drug or a placebo is called a ______ experiment.

Accepted Answer

A)  naturalistic
B)  random control
C)  placebo-blind
D)  double-blindE) A) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT a step in a psychological experiment?

Accepted Answer

A)  varying a condition you believe might affect behavior
B)  creating two similar groups of subjects
C)  administering the same independent variable to both groups
D)  recording whether the condition has any effect on behaviorE) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 16

Suppose you want to find out if using cell phones while driving a car affects the likelihood of having an accident.Cell phone use would be the ______ variable.

Accepted Answer

A)  independent
B)  control
C)  extraneous
D)  dependentE) A) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 17

Which of the following groups serves as a point of reference for a comparison of results in an experiment?

Accepted Answer

A)  independent group
B)  experimental group
C)  control group
D)  dependent groupE) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Question 18

A teacher believes that one group of children is very bright and that a second group is below average in ability,although both groups are actually equal in ability.Nevertheless,the first group progresses more rapidly than the second.This demonstrates

Accepted Answer

A)  the self-fulfilling prophecy.
B)  the placebo effect within a natural experiment.
C)  observer bias in naturalistic observation.
D)  the ethical problems of field experiments.E) C) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 19

In an experiment to test whether teaching a new memory strategy will improve students' test scores,student characteristics,such as motivation,are controlled by

Accepted Answer

A)  interviewing each student concerning their motivation in the class.
B)  giving each student a personality test.
C)  randomly assigning students to the two groups.
D)  interviewing the teachers concerning each of the students.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 20

We wish to test the hypothesis that music improves learning.We compare test scores of students who study to music with those who study in silence.Which of the following is an extraneous variable in this experiment?

Accepted Answer

A)  the presence or absence of music
B)  the students' test scores
C)  the amount of time allowed for studying
D)  silenceE) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Exam 5: Introducing Psychology: the Psychology Experiment

In research reports,a statement that "the results of the experiment were statistically significant" means that the difference must be large enough so that it would occur by chance in how many experiments out of 100?

Correct Answer
verified

A single-blind experiment would most likely be used to minimize researcher bias.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Suppose you want to find out if using cell phones while driving a car affects the likelihood of having an accident.Cell phone use would be the ______ variable.

Correct Answer
verified

A researcher wants to determine the effect of sleep loss on human problem-solving.Subjects in an appropriate control group for such an experiment would be described as having

Correct Answer
verified

The control group and the experimental group are treated exactly the same EXCEPT for the ______ variable.

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

We wish to test the hypothesis that music improves learning.We compare test scores of students who study to music with those who study in silence.Which of the following is an extraneous variable in this experiment?

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following groups serves as a point of reference for a comparison of results in an experiment?

Correct Answer
verified

Tina is assigned to the group that receives the independent variable.Tina is in the ______ group.

Correct Answer
verified

A teacher believes that one group of children is very bright and that a second group is below average in ability,although both groups are actually equal in ability.Nevertheless,the first group progresses more rapidly than the second.This demonstrates

Correct Answer
verified

To replicate an experiment means to

Correct Answer
verified

In an experiment to test whether teaching a new memory strategy will improve students' test scores,student characteristics,such as motivation,are controlled by

Correct Answer
verified

An experiment in which neither the subjects nor the experimenters administering the drugs know who is receiving the real drug or a placebo is called a ______ experiment.

Correct Answer
verified

Changes in subjects' behavior caused by the unintended influence of an experimenter's actions is referred to as

Correct Answer
verified

In a research study,when the subjects do not know who is in the experimental group and who is in the control group,but the experimenters do know,the study is called a(n) ______ experiment.

Correct Answer
verified

Giving placebos in drug experiments is necessary to

Correct Answer
verified

An experiment is performed to see if background music improves learning.Two groups study the same material,one while listening to music and another without music.The independent variable is

Correct Answer
verified

Which of the following is NOT a step in a psychological experiment?

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 5: Introducing Psychology: the Psychology Experiment

In research reports,a statement that "the results of the experiment were statistically significant" means that the difference must be large enough so that it would occur by chance in how many experiments out of 100?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A single-blind experiment would most likely be used to minimize researcher bias.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Suppose you want to find out if using cell phones while driving a car affects the likelihood of having an accident.Cell phone use would be the ______ variable.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A researcher wants to determine the effect of sleep loss on human problem-solving.Subjects in an appropriate control group for such an experiment would be described as having

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The control group and the experimental group are treated exactly the same EXCEPT for the ______ variable.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

We wish to test the hypothesis that music improves learning.We compare test scores of students who study to music with those who study in silence.Which of the following is an extraneous variable in this experiment?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following groups serves as a point of reference for a comparison of results in an experiment?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Tina is assigned to the group that receives the independent variable.Tina is in the ______ group.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A teacher believes that one group of children is very bright and that a second group is below average in ability,although both groups are actually equal in ability.Nevertheless,the first group progresses more rapidly than the second.This demonstrates

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

To replicate an experiment means to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In an experiment to test whether teaching a new memory strategy will improve students' test scores,student characteristics,such as motivation,are controlled by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An experiment in which neither the subjects nor the experimenters administering the drugs know who is receiving the real drug or a placebo is called a ______ experiment.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Changes in subjects' behavior caused by the unintended influence of an experimenter's actions is referred to as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In a research study,when the subjects do not know who is in the experimental group and who is in the control group,but the experimenters do know,the study is called a(n) ______ experiment.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Giving placebos in drug experiments is necessary to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An experiment is performed to see if background music improves learning.Two groups study the same material,one while listening to music and another without music.The independent variable is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT a step in a psychological experiment?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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