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Professor Lindsten emphasized that aggressive behavior often involves the interactive influence of personal frustration,exposure to aggressive models,and heightened levels of arousal.The professor's emphasis best illustrates


A) scapegoating theory.
B) the hindsight bias.
C) genetic influences.
D) a biopsychosocial approach.

E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

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Fritz Heider's attribution theory suggests that we attribute others' behavior to either their


A) heredity or their environment.
B) biological motives or their psychological motives.
C) thoughts or their emotions.
D) dispositions or their situations.

E) None of the above
F) A) and C)

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Reversing the perspectives of actor and observer reduces ________ among observers.


A) central route persuasion
B) cognitive dissonance
C) role playing
D) the fundamental attribution error

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

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Conformity to peer pressure may lead us to behave in ways that violate our own personal convictions.This best illustrates the impact of


A) social loafing.
B) cognitive dissonance.
C) mood linkage.
D) social control.

E) B) and D)
F) A) and D)

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Muzafer Sherif's work with 11-year-old boys at a summer camp demonstrated that


A) it was very difficult to establish ingroup/outgroup conflict because there were no intrinsic differences between the Rattlers and the Eagles.
B) situations that required cooperation and the joint efforts of both groups reduced the conflict and hostility between them.
C) simple social contact between the two groups greatly reduced conflict and hostility.
D) contrary to expectations,competition between the two groups actually increased harmony between them.

E) B) and D)
F) A) and D)

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Students who were told that a young woman had been instructed to act in a very unfriendly way for the purposes of the experiment concluded that her behavior


A) reflected her personal disposition.
B) was determined by the situation.
C) demonstrated role playing.
D) illustrated central route persuasion.

E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

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A news commentator says,"The doctor deserved to become infected with the Ebola virus because he chose to help those infected people in Africa." This attitude illustrates


A) the just-world phenomenon.
B) outgroup homogeneity.
C) scapegoat theory.
D) stereotyping.

E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

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In the United States during the late 1980s,most Democrats wrongly believed that inflation had risen under Republican president Ronald Reagan.In 2010,most Republicans wrongly believed that taxes had increased under Democratic president Barack Obama.These incorrect beliefs best illustrate the impact of


A) outgroup homogeneity.
B) scapegoat theory.
C) social identities.
D) ingroup bias.

E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

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To a social psychologist,a perceived incompatibility of goals is indicative of


A) superordinate goals.
B) a social trap.
C) conflict.
D) the social-responsibility norm.

E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

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When Armen first heard the hit song "Lose Yourself," he wasn't at all sure he liked it.The more often he heard it played,however,the more he enjoyed it.Armen's reaction illustrates


A) the bystander effect.
B) the reciprocity norm.
C) mirror-image perceptions.
D) the mere exposure effect.

E) B) and D)
F) All of the above

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Nate is looking to purchase a new car.He was set to buy a Ford Escape,but after reading Consumer Reports,along with several positive customer reviews,he was convinced to buy a Subaru Forester,which was rated higher for fuel economy and safety.Nate's decision best illustrates the impact of


A) groupthink.
B) informational social influence.
C) social facilitation.
D) normative social influence.

E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

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In the Milgram experiments,the level of obedience was highest when the "teacher" was ________ the experimenter and ________ the "learner."


A) close to;close to
B) far from;far from
C) close to;far from
D) far from;close to

E) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

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Participants in Milgram's obedience experiments were informed that they were involved in a study of


A) aggression.
B) cognitive dissonance.
C) learning.
D) social norms.

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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Although we often cannot directly control all of our feelings,we can influence our feelings by changing our behavior,according to


A) cognitive dissonance theory.
B) social facilitation theory.
C) attribution theory.
D) role-playing theory.

E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

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Minimal levels of father care are associated with high levels of


A) stereotyping.
B) discrimination.
C) social scripts.
D) aggression.

E) A) and D)
F) None of the above

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Groupthink can be prevented by a leader who


A) is directive and makes his or her own position clear from the start.
B) invites outside experts to critique a group's developing plans.
C) tries to maintain high morale among group members.
D) emphasizes the importance of the issue under discussion.

E) All of the above
F) A) and D)

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We are NOT likely to make the fundamental attribution error if we observe someone


A) in a variety of situations.
B) who is unemployed.
C) who is wealthy.
D) we dislike.

E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

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Research on gender prejudice and discrimination indicates that


A) the majority of the world's children without basic schooling are boys.
B) in most countries,men and women share equally in the duties of child raising.
C) people perceive their fathers as more intelligent than their mothers,despite gender equality in intelligence scores.
D) there is little evidence that females are more likely to be aborted than males.

E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

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In speed dating,people meet a succession of prospective partners,each for a short period of time.As a result,their choices for future contact become ________ superficial.If women at a speed-dating event stay seated while the men circulate,men wish for future contact with ________ of their speed dates than do women.


A) more;more
B) less;fewer
C) less;more
D) less;less

E) A) and D)
F) All of the above

Correct Answer

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On the first day of class,Tamara's professor gives brief and abrupt answers to students' questions.Tamara thinks that her new professor is rude.This ________ will likely influence her to act negatively toward her professor.


A) role playing
B) foot-in-the-door phenomenon
C) situational attribution
D) attitude

E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Correct Answer

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