Question 1

Stacey tries extra hard in school because she receives 10 dollars for every A she earns on her report card.According to Thorndike's ________,Stacey is more likely to earn As.

Accepted Answer

A)   classical conditioning
B)   operant conditioning
C)   law of effect
D)   theory of shapingE) B) and C)
F) A) and C)

Question 2

After his mother smiles,Jimmy's request for a snack is reinforced.But if his mother is not smiling,his subsequent request for a snack is not reinforced.By indicating that Jimmy's request for a snack will be reinforced,the mother's smile is a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)   primary reinforcer.
B)   discriminative stimulus.
C)   respondent behavior.
D)   unconditioned response.E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 3

Behaviors followed by favorable consequences become more likely,and behaviors followed by unfavorable consequences become less likely.This principle is called

Accepted Answer

A)   discrimination.
B)   intermittent reinforcement.
C)   spontaneous recovery.
D)   the law of effect.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 4

Administering an aversive stimulus following an operant response is

Accepted Answer

A)   negative punishment.
B)   positive punishment.
C)   negative reinforcement.
D)   positive reinforcement.E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 5

Any stimulus that,when removed after a response,strengthens the response is called a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)   conditioned stimulus.
B)   unconditioned stimulus.
C)   positive reinforcer.
D)   negative reinforcer.E) B) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 6

A word of praise is to a soothing back rub as ________ is to ________.

Accepted Answer

A)   delayed reinforcer;immediate reinforcer
B)   operant conditioning;classical conditioning
C)   partial reinforcement;continuous reinforcement
D)   conditioned reinforcer;primary reinforcerE) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

Question 7

Myron quit gambling after he lost over a thousand dollars betting on horse races.This best illustrates the effects of

Accepted Answer

A)   negative reinforcers.
B)   shaping.
C)   spontaneous recovery.
D)   punishment.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 8

When children misbehave,some parents use a time-out,removing the children from their reinforcing surroundings.This practice best illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)   negative reinforcement.
B)   discrimination.
C)   negative punishment.
D)   positive punishment.E) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Question 9

In ________,we learn to associate two stimuli;in ________,we learn to associate a response with its consequence.

Accepted Answer

A)   delayed conditioning;primary conditioning
B)   primary conditioning;classical conditioning
C)   classical conditioning;operant conditioning
D)   operant conditioning;delayed conditioningE) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 10

In teaching her son to play basketball,Mrs.Richards initially reinforces him with praise for simply dribbling while standing still,then only for walking while dribbling,and finally only for running while dribbling.She is using a procedure known as

Accepted Answer

A)   generalization.
B)   partial reinforcement.
C)   spontaneous recovery.
D)   shaping.E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 11

Asking potential partners for a date is most likely to be reinforced on a ________ schedule.

Accepted Answer

A)   fixed-interval
B)   fixed-ratio
C)   variable-interval
D)   variable-ratioE) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 12

Although 5-year-old Katelyn is not really thirsty,she frequently begins whining for a glass of water about 10 minutes after being put to bed.Her parents would be best advised to

Accepted Answer

A)   simply ignore her complaining.
B)   provide her with a very small drink of water.
C)   close her bedroom door to indicate that they disapprove of her whining.
D)   read her a short story so she forgets about wanting a drink.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 13

Jessie is learning how to drive.As she drives,the light ahead changes from green to yellow,signaling a specific response.The light is an example of a

Accepted Answer

A)   spontaneous recovery.
B)   respondent behavior.
C)   discriminative stimulus.
D)   successive approximation.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 14

Every Saturday morning,Arnold quickly washes the family's breakfast dishes so that his father will allow him to wash his car.In this instance,washing the car is a(n)

Accepted Answer

A)   positive reinforcer.
B)   unconditioned response.
C)   conditioned response.
D)   negative reinforcer.E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 15

After receiving a couple of traffic tickets for speeding,Masako no longer drives faster than the legal speed limit.This best illustrates the impact of

Accepted Answer

A)   classical conditioning.
B)   negative reinforcement.
C)   spontaneous recovery.
D)   punishment.E) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 16

During a typical morning,Colin checks the clock frequently before being reinforced with confirmation that the time for his regularly scheduled lunch break has arrived.In this case,Colin's behavior is reinforced on a ________ schedule.

Accepted Answer

A)   fixed-interval
B)   variable-interval
C)   fixed-ratio
D)   variable-ratioE) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 17

Which of the following is the best example of a conditioned reinforcer?

Accepted Answer

A)   applause for an excellent piano recital
B)   a spanking for eating cookies before dinner
C)   a cold root beer for mowing the lawn on a hot day
D)   termination of shock after removing one's finger from a live electrical wireE) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 18

Negative reinforcement________ the rate of operant responding,and punishment________ the rate of operant responding.

Accepted Answer

A)   increases;decreases
B)   decreases;increases
C)   decreases;decreases
D)   has no effect on;decreasesE) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 19

A partial reinforcement schedule that reinforces a response that occurs after a specified time has elapsed is a ________ schedule.

Accepted Answer

A)   fixed-ratio
B)   variable-ratio
C)   fixed-interval
D)   variable-intervalE) A) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 20

If children get attention from their parents for doing cartwheels,they will repeat the trick in anticipation of more attention.This best illustrates

Accepted Answer

A)   spontaneous recovery.
B)   respondent behavior.
C)   operant conditioning.
D)   successive approximations.E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

Exam 21: Classical Conditioning

Negative reinforcement________ the rate of operant responding,and punishment________ the rate of operant responding.

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Myron quit gambling after he lost over a thousand dollars betting on horse races.This best illustrates the effects of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Any stimulus that,when removed after a response,strengthens the response is called a(n)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

During a typical morning,Colin checks the clock frequently before being reinforced with confirmation that the time for his regularly scheduled lunch break has arrived.In this case,Colin's behavior is reinforced on a ________ schedule.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If children get attention from their parents for doing cartwheels,they will repeat the trick in anticipation of more attention.This best illustrates

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When children misbehave,some parents use a time-out,removing the children from their reinforcing surroundings.This practice best illustrates

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is the best example of a conditioned reinforcer?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Jessie is learning how to drive.As she drives,the light ahead changes from green to yellow,signaling a specific response.The light is an example of a

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Behaviors followed by favorable consequences become more likely,and behaviors followed by unfavorable consequences become less likely.This principle is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

After his mother smiles,Jimmy's request for a snack is reinforced.But if his mother is not smiling,his subsequent request for a snack is not reinforced.By indicating that Jimmy's request for a snack will be reinforced,the mother's smile is a(n)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Stacey tries extra hard in school because she receives 10 dollars for every A she earns on her report card.According to Thorndike's ________,Stacey is more likely to earn As.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Administering an aversive stimulus following an operant response is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A partial reinforcement schedule that reinforces a response that occurs after a specified time has elapsed is a ________ schedule.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In ________,we learn to associate two stimuli;in ________,we learn to associate a response with its consequence.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In teaching her son to play basketball,Mrs.Richards initially reinforces him with praise for simply dribbling while standing still,then only for walking while dribbling,and finally only for running while dribbling.She is using a procedure known as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

After receiving a couple of traffic tickets for speeding,Masako no longer drives faster than the legal speed limit.This best illustrates the impact of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Although 5-year-old Katelyn is not really thirsty,she frequently begins whining for a glass of water about 10 minutes after being put to bed.Her parents would be best advised to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Every Saturday morning,Arnold quickly washes the family's breakfast dishes so that his father will allow him to wash his car.In this instance,washing the car is a(n)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A word of praise is to a soothing back rub as ________ is to ________.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Asking potential partners for a date is most likely to be reinforced on a ________ schedule.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Negative reinforcement the rate of operant responding,and punishment the rate of operant responding.

Correct Answer
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In ,we learn to associate two stimuli;in ,we learn to associate a response with its consequence.

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A word of praise is to a soothing back rub as is to .

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