Question 1

Violators of important social norms are often _____; that is, they are set apart by being socially disgraced.

Accepted Answer

A)   deviated
B)   stigmatized
C)   segregated
D)   banishedE) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 2

_____ proposed that people turn to deviance because they are denied access to legitimate means of achieving the goals of society.

Accepted Answer

A)   Sigmund Freud
B)   Edwin Sutherland
C)   Robert Merton
D)   William RyanE) A) and B)
F) B) and D)

Question 3

Deviance is _____, meaning that social organizations create definitions of right and wrong by originating norms, the infraction of which constitutes deviance.

Accepted Answer

A)   individually based
B)   socially constructed
C)   a source of societal unrest
D)   relative, not absoluteE) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 4

Some studies have shown that more than _____ of prison inmates are functionally illiterate.

Accepted Answer

A)   30%
B)   40%
C)   50%
D)   60%E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 5

The term "deviance" refers to

Accepted Answer

A)   behavior that does not conform to social expectations.
B)   biologically created reality.
C)   behavior that is inherently wrong.
D)   behavior consistently condemned from society to society.E) C) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 6

Within a society, certain groups have more _____ than others, so they have more success in getting their definitions of deviance to prevail.

Accepted Answer

A)   moral authority
B)   power
C)   logical reasons
D)   differences of opinionE) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 7

The most serious deficiency of labeling theory is that it

Accepted Answer

A)   insists that some people are dangerous.
B)   focuses on some types of deviance but ignores others.
C)   emphasizes the individual's responsibility for the deviant act.
D)   is preoccupied with the crimes of the well-to-do.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 8

Caesare Lombroso's biological theory that criminals _____ has been substantially discredited.

Accepted Answer

A)   can be identified by distinctive bumps on their skulls
B)   represent a throwback to an earlier stage of human development
C)   have larger brains and therefore larger skills
D)   are generally males with XYY syndromeE) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 9

The _____ approach to social problems focuses on laws and customs of society, which are seen as constructed to serve the powerful; consequently, the solution to deviance is to restructure society instead of rehabilitating the criminal.

Accepted Answer

A)   conflict
B)   order
C)   labeling
D)   differentialE) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 10

Until the Supreme Court decision of June, 2015, Chris could marry Robin in some but not all states only if one of them was male and the other female. This is an example of the chapter's assertion that _____ shows that deviance is relative.

Accepted Answer

A)   deviant people adopting societal norms
B)   deviant behavior among consenting adults
C)   deviant behavior results in similar behavior by different categories of people within a single society
D)   differential treatment of similar behavior by different categories of people within a single societyE) A) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 11

According to a 2010 taxpayer attitude survey, _____ of people believe that it is acceptable to cheat on income taxes.

Accepted Answer

A)   72%
B)   37%
C)   12%
D)   1%E) None of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 12

The person-blame approach results in the advantaged segments of society

Accepted Answer

A)   retaining their advantages.
B)   losing their advantages.
C)   blaming others for their problems.
D)   blaming the poor for higher taxes.E) C) and D)
F) A) and B) A

Question 13

_____ theorists argue that deviance is not limited to troubled individuals, because organizations also can be deviant.

Accepted Answer

A)   Conflict
B)   Order
C)   Labeling
D)   InteractionE) None of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 14

The sociological theories that focus on _____ are based on the empirical observations that crime and mental illness rates vary by social location; that is, by social class, ethnicity, race, place of residence, and sex.

Accepted Answer

A)   the culture of poverty
B)   kinds of people
C)   psychological problems
D)   societal normsE) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 15

In Freudian theory, the deviant is a person who has not developed an adequate ______ to control the _______ .

Accepted Answer

A)   superego; ego
B)   ego; id
C)   ego; superego
D)   libido; egoE) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 16

The chapter notes that "Web sites are increasingly naming names, or at least posting descriptions, pictures, and license plate numbers, of people supposedly caught in the act of violating social norms." These types of Web sites are also known as

Accepted Answer

A)   shame sites.
B)   Internet norms.
C)   deviance sites.
D)   the public temper.E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 17

Who wrote a book about how the Internet has upped the ante regarding deviance and public shame?

Accepted Answer

A)   Daniel Solove
B)   Daniel Gross
C)   Emile Durkheim
D)   Cornel WestE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 18

Edwin Sutherland's theory of _____ proposes that procriminal sentiments are acquired by association with other individuals in a process of social interaction.

Accepted Answer

A)   the culture of poverty
B)   differential opportunities
C)   differential association
D)   inadequate socializationE) A) and B)
F) C) and D) C

Question 19

A strength of the labeling theory is that it

Accepted Answer

A)   concentrates on the role of societal reaction in the creation of deviance.
B)   focuses on the question of causation.
C)   disregards undetected deviance.
D)   realizes that the label is applied disproportionately to the powerful.E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

Question 20

_____ is the illegal and/or socially harmful behaviors that result from deliberate decision making by corporate executives for the benefit of their organizations.

Accepted Answer

A)   Political deviance
B)   Corporate crime
C)   Street crime
D)   Secondary devianceE) B) and C)
F) B) and D) B

Exam 6: Deviance

Violators of important social norms are often _____; that is, they are set apart by being socially disgraced.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

_____ proposed that people turn to deviance because they are denied access to legitimate means of achieving the goals of society.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Deviance is _____, meaning that social organizations create definitions of right and wrong by originating norms, the infraction of which constitutes deviance.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Some studies have shown that more than _____ of prison inmates are functionally illiterate.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The term "deviance" refers to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Within a society, certain groups have more _____ than others, so they have more success in getting their definitions of deviance to prevail.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The most serious deficiency of labeling theory is that it

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Caesare Lombroso's biological theory that criminals _____ has been substantially discredited.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The _____ approach to social problems focuses on laws and customs of society, which are seen as constructed to serve the powerful; consequently, the solution to deviance is to restructure society instead of rehabilitating the criminal.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Until the Supreme Court decision of June, 2015, Chris could marry Robin in some but not all states only if one of them was male and the other female. This is an example of the chapter's assertion that _____ shows that deviance is relative.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to a 2010 taxpayer attitude survey, _____ of people believe that it is acceptable to cheat on income taxes.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The person-blame approach results in the advantaged segments of society

Correct AnswerverifiedA

_____ theorists argue that deviance is not limited to troubled individuals, because organizations also can be deviant.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The sociological theories that focus on _____ are based on the empirical observations that crime and mental illness rates vary by social location; that is, by social class, ethnicity, race, place of residence, and sex.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In Freudian theory, the deviant is a person who has not developed an adequate ______ to control the _______ .

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The chapter notes that "Web sites are increasingly naming names, or at least posting descriptions, pictures, and license plate numbers, of people supposedly caught in the act of violating social norms." These types of Web sites are also known as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Who wrote a book about how the Internet has upped the ante regarding deviance and public shame?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Edwin Sutherland's theory of _____ proposes that procriminal sentiments are acquired by association with other individuals in a process of social interaction.

Correct AnswerverifiedC

A strength of the labeling theory is that it

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

_____ is the illegal and/or socially harmful behaviors that result from deliberate decision making by corporate executives for the benefit of their organizations.

Correct AnswerverifiedB

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
A

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

In Freudian theory, the deviant is a person who has not developed an adequate to control the _ .

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
C

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified
B