Question 1

Imagine that you are listening to a friend complaining about a course assignment,but you are simultaneously trying to read the newspaper.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  top-down processing.
B)  divided attention.
C)  selective attention
D)  the binding problem.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 2

A man is being tested in a cognitive psychology laboratory.If he has blindsight,he will

Accepted Answer

A)  say he cannot see an object,even though he often points in the correct direction.
B)  use parallel processing when serial processing is more appropriate.
C)  make more saccadic eye movements than regression movements.
D)  accurately report the color of the object,but not its shape.E) None of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 3

Suppose that Susan is taking the Stroop test,and the first item shows the word "red," printed in blue ink.According to your textbook,one reason that she will have trouble reporting the ink color (blue) for this item is that

Accepted Answer

A)  she has had more experience in reading words than in identifying ink colors.
B)  colors have more emotional meaning than words do.
C)  colorful arrangements of visual stimuli can actually facilitate an adult's reading ability.
D)  the left eye processes word meaning and the right eye processes the color of a stimulus.E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 4

Suppose that you are searching for a set of square-shaped,red earrings on a jewelry counter that has four kinds of earrings: square blue,square red,round blue,and round red.If Treisman's research on attention applies to this task,

Accepted Answer

A)  you would find the square red earrings equally fast,whether there are few or many other earrings.
B)  you would find the square red earrings faster than you would find any earrings that are red.
C)  the number of other square earrings and the number of other red earrings would influence the time taken to find the square red earrings.
D)  it would take less time to find that the square red earrings are not there than to find that they are there.E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 5

Suppose that you are sitting in a classroom,trying to follow your professor's lecture while trying to ignore a loud conversation out in the hallway.This situation most closely resembles

Accepted Answer

A)  parallel processing.
B)  holistic processing.
C)  a divided-attention task.
D)  a dichotic listening task.E) All of the above
F) A) and D) D

Question 6

Imagine that you are searching your room for a specific textbook.Which portion of the cortex would be most active during this search?

Accepted Answer

A)  The parietal lobe
B)  The occipital lobe
C)  The temporal lobe
D)  The frontal lobeE) B) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 7

Which of the following is considered to be the best current explanation of the visual condition called "blindsight"?

Accepted Answer

A)  In reality,the visual cortex of these individuals is not physically damaged.
B)  These individuals actually underestimate the extent of their visual deficit.
C)  These individuals typically have difficulties with their executive attention network.
D)  Some information from the retina travels to regions of the cortex outside the visual cortex.E) All of the above
F) C) and D) D

Question 8

Research by Anne Treisman has demonstrated that

Accepted Answer

A)  focused attention produces many more errors than distributed attention.
B)  in focused attention,an unusual stimulus appears to "pop out" from the other stimuli in the display.
C)  illusory conjunctions are especially likely when people perform a task at a leisurely rate.
D)  when people use focused attention,they typically perceive a figure whose shape is linked with its appropriate color.E) A) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 9

Imagine that you have been on a strict diet for several weeks.No matter how hard you try,you can't avoid thinking about chocolate chip cookies and lemon meringue pie.You are having difficulty with

Accepted Answer

A)  thought suppression.
B)  divided attention.
C)  illusory conjunctions.
D)  shadowingE) All of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 10

Suppose that you are searching a list of college I.D.numbers to determine what grade you received in an exam.The system in your brain that is most involved in this search is the

Accepted Answer

A)  cerebral blood flow system.
B)  executive attention network.
C)  frontal lobe of the cerebral cortex.
D)  orienting attention network.E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 11

Which of the following would be least interested in the topic of attention?

Accepted Answer

A)  William James
B)  Early behaviorists
C)  Modern-day cognitive psychologists
D)  NeuroscientistsE) C) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 12

Research on dichotic listening shows that

Accepted Answer

A)  most people have great difficulty attending to one task while ignoring another task.
B)  when people pay attention to one task,they typically notice little about other tasks.
C)  selective attention is an unfortunate problem that limits our performance enormously.
D)  we can usually shadow one series of items and process another series very accurately.E) A) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 13

Which of the following students provides the best summary of the research about using a cell phone and paying attention while driving?

Accepted Answer

A)  Hans: "As long as you talk on a hands-free cell phone,you can still pay full attention to driving."
B)  Gail: "As long as you are an experienced driver,talking on a hand-held cell phone or a hands-free cell phone will not distract your attention."
C)  María Luisa: "Talking on a hands-free cell phone can distract your attention."
D)  Josh: "Fortunately,drivers are not distracted when a passenger is having a conversation on a phone."E) None of the above
F) All of the above

Question 14

Suppose that you are looking for a dark-colored car in a row of parked cars.Among them,11 are light colored and one is dark colored.The dark-colored car seems to pop out.In this example,

Accepted Answer

A)  you are using focused attention.
B)  you are using bottom-up processing.
C)  you are demonstrating the feature-present/feature-absent effect.
D)  a dark-colored object is more likely to stimulate the movement-detection cells in the retina.E) All of the above
F) C) and D)

Question 15

Suppose that Jessica has a phobic disorder,a fear of snakes.A clinical psychologist gives her the appropriate version of an emotional Stroop task.Jessica would be likely to:

Accepted Answer

A)  respond more quickly to items related to snakes than to other items.
B)  show an attentional bias,so that she pays less attention to the color of the ink,when the word is related to snakes.
C)  identify the colors more accurately for items related to snakes.
D)  ignore the meaning of the word itself and focus exclusively on the color of the ink.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 16

Suppose that researchers show you one blue X surrounded by 25 red Xs.According to the discussion of visual search,you would locate that blue X

Accepted Answer

A)  significantly more slowly than if there were only three other red Xs.
B)  significantly more quickly than if there were only three other red Xs.
C)  just as quickly as if there were only three other red Xs.
D)  significantly more quickly than if the other items were blue and red Os.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 17

Saccadic movements are

Accepted Answer

A)  the miniature eye movements our eyes make when they are attempting to identify the features of the individual letters in a word.
B)  the very rapid movements of the eye from one location to another.
C)  the eye movements made to change our focus from a distant object to a nearby object.
D)  eye movements made only when we are asleep; they accompany dreams.E) None of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 18

The Stroop effect is related to selective attention because

Accepted Answer

A)  people are required to pay selective attention to the shape of the object,rather than its meaning.
B)  people are required to pay selective attention to the color of the stimulus,rather than the name of the stimulus.
C)  the stimuli elicit selective parallel distributed processing.
D)  attention involves only bottom-up processing.E) All of the above
F) A) and D) B

Question 19

The phrase "ironic effects of mental control" means that

Accepted Answer

A)  we have difficulty on a Stroop task,because we pay attention to meaning,rather than ink color.
B)  ironically,we often make more errors on a familiar attention task than we make on an unfamiliar attention task.
C)  when we try to avoid a particular thought,it may be even more likely to enter consciousness.
D)  we often cannot introspect accurately about the cognitive processes we use in everyday life.E) B) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 20

According to the research on saccadic eye movements,

Accepted Answer

A)  people reading English are likely to see more letters to the left side of the central letter,rather than to the right side.
B)  poor readers tend to make more regression movements than good readers do.
C)  good readers tend to wait longer during the fixation pauses than poor readers do.
D)  good readers are more likely than poor readers to stop on a white space between two words.E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Exam 3: Perceptual Processes II: Attention and Consciousness

Imagine that you are listening to a friend complaining about a course assignment,but you are simultaneously trying to read the newspaper.This is an example of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A man is being tested in a cognitive psychology laboratory.If he has blindsight,he will

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Suppose that Susan is taking the Stroop test,and the first item shows the word "red," printed in blue ink.According to your textbook,one reason that she will have trouble reporting the ink color (blue) for this item is that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Suppose that you are searching for a set of square-shaped,red earrings on a jewelry counter that has four kinds of earrings: square blue,square red,round blue,and round red.If Treisman's research on attention applies to this task,

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Suppose that you are sitting in a classroom,trying to follow your professor's lecture while trying to ignore a loud conversation out in the hallway.This situation most closely resembles

Correct AnswerverifiedD

Imagine that you are searching your room for a specific textbook.Which portion of the cortex would be most active during this search?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is considered to be the best current explanation of the visual condition called "blindsight"?

Correct AnswerverifiedD

Research by Anne Treisman has demonstrated that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Imagine that you have been on a strict diet for several weeks.No matter how hard you try,you can't avoid thinking about chocolate chip cookies and lemon meringue pie.You are having difficulty with

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Suppose that you are searching a list of college I.D.numbers to determine what grade you received in an exam.The system in your brain that is most involved in this search is the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following would be least interested in the topic of attention?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Research on dichotic listening shows that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following students provides the best summary of the research about using a cell phone and paying attention while driving?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Suppose that you are looking for a dark-colored car in a row of parked cars.Among them,11 are light colored and one is dark colored.The dark-colored car seems to pop out.In this example,

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Suppose that Jessica has a phobic disorder,a fear of snakes.A clinical psychologist gives her the appropriate version of an emotional Stroop task.Jessica would be likely to:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Suppose that researchers show you one blue X surrounded by 25 red Xs.According to the discussion of visual search,you would locate that blue X

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Saccadic movements are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The Stroop effect is related to selective attention because

Correct AnswerverifiedB

The phrase "ironic effects of mental control" means that

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to the research on saccadic eye movements,

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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D

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D

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B

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