Question 1

A student examining leaf cross sections under a microscope finds many loosely packed cells with relatively thin cell walls. The cells have numerous chloroplasts. What type of cells are they?

Accepted Answer

A)   parenchyma
B)   xylem
C)   endodermis
D)   collenchyma
E)   sclerenchymaF) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 2

Shoot elongation in a growing bud is due primarily to

Accepted Answer

A)   cell division at the shoot apical meristem.
B)   cell elongation directly below the shoot apical meristem.
C)   cell division localized in each internode.
D)   cell elongation localized in each internode.
E)   cell division at the shoot apical meristem and cell elongation directly below the shoot apical meristem.F) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 3

If you were able to walk into an opening cut into the center of a large redwood tree, when you exit from the middle of the trunk (stem)  outward, you would cross, in order,

Accepted Answer

A)   the annual rings, new xylem, vascular cambium, phloem, and bark.
B)   the secondary xylem, cork cambium, phloem, and periderm.
C)   the vascular cambium, oldest xylem, and newest xylem.
D)   the secondary xylem, secondary phloem, and vascular cambium.
E)   the summer wood, bark, and phloem.F) C) and E)
G) B) and C)

Question 4

Compared to most animals, the growth of most plants is best described as

Accepted Answer

A)   perennial.
B)   weedy.
C)   indeterminate.
D)   derivative.
E)   primary.F) D) and E)
G) A) and C)

Question 5

Which of the following cells or tissues arise from lateral meristem activity?

Accepted Answer

A)   secondary xylem
B)   leaves
C)   trichomes
D)   tubers
E)   cortexF) B) and C)
G) D) and E)

Question 6

A plant has the following characteristics: a taproot system, several growth rings evident in a cross section of the stem, and a layer of bark around the outside. Which of the following best describes the plant?

Accepted Answer

A)   herbaceous eudicot
B)   woody eudicot
C)   woody monocot
D)   herbaceous monocot
E)   woody annualF) D) and E)
G) A) and D)

Question 7

Choose the option that best describes the relationship between the cell wall thickness of parenchyma cells versus sclerenchyma cells.

Accepted Answer

A)   The cell walls of parenchyma cells are thinner than those of sclerenchyma cells.
B)   The cell walls of parenchyma cells are thicker than those of sclerenchyma cells.
C)   The cell walls of both types of cells are roughly equal.
D)   The thickness of the cell walls for both types of cells is too variable for a comparison to be made.
E)   The cell walls of collenchyma cells are thicker than sclerenchyma or parenchyma cells.F) B) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 8

Which part of a plant absorbs most of the water and minerals taken up from the soil?

Accepted Answer

A)   root cap
B)   root hairs
C)   the thick parts of the roots near the base of the stem
D)   storage roots
E)   sections of the root that have secondary xylemF) C) and D)
G) A) and E)

Question 9

Which of the following is a true statement about growth in plants?

Accepted Answer

A)   Primary growth is localized at meristems, whereas secondary growth is localized at buds.
B)   Some plants lack secondary growth.
C)   Secondary growth occurs only in stems.
D)   Reproductive structures are produced by secondary growth.
E)   Monocots have only primary growth, and eudicots have only secondary growth.F) None of the above
G) A) and E)

Question 10

Pores on the leaf surface that function in gas exchange are called

Accepted Answer

A)   hairs.
B)   xylem cells.
C)   phloem cells.
D)   stomata.
E)   sclereids.F) A) and C)
G) A) and E)

Question 11

Which of the following is a true statement?

Accepted Answer

A)   Flowers may have secondary growth.
B)   Secondary growth is a common feature of eudicot leaves.
C)   Secondary growth is produced by both the vascular cambium and the cork cambium.
D)   Primary growth and secondary growth alternate in the life cycle of a plant.
E)   Plants with secondary growth are typically the smallest ones in an ecosystem.F) D) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 12

Which of the following cell types retains the ability to undergo cell division?

Accepted Answer

A)   a sclereid
B)   a parenchyma cell 2 mm from the tip of a root
C)   a functional sieve-tube element
D)   a tracheid
E)   a stem fiberF) None of the above
G) C) and D)

Question 13

Which of the following arise, directly or indirectly, from meristematic activity?

Accepted Answer

A)   secondary xylem
B)   leaves
C)   dermal tissue
D)   tubers
E)   all of the aboveF) A) and C)
G) D) and E)

Question 14

As a youngster, you drive a nail in the trunk of a young tree that is 3 meters tall. The nail is about 1.5 meters from the ground. Fifteen years later, you return and discover that the tree has grown to a height of 30 meters. About how many meters above the ground is the nail?

Accepted Answer

A)   0.5
B)   1.5
C)   3.0
D)   15.0
E)   28.5F) B) and E)
G) None of the above

Question 15

Which of the following statements is false?

Accepted Answer

A)   A preprophase band determines where a cell plate will form in a dividing cell.
B)   The way in which a plant cell differentiates is determined by the cell's position in the developing plant body.
C)   Homeotic genes often control morphogenesis.
D)   Plant cells differentiate because the cytoskeleton determines which genes will be turned "on" and "off."
E)   Arabidopsis was the first plant to have its genome sequenced.F) D) and E)
G) B) and E)

Question 16

The vascular bundle in the shape of a single central cylinder in a root is called the

Accepted Answer

A)   cortex.
B)   stele.
C)   endodermis.
D)   periderm.
E)   pith.F) A) and B)
G) D) and E)

Question 17

Vascular plant tissue includes all of the following cell types except

Accepted Answer

A)   vessel elements.
B)   sieve cells.
C)   tracheids.
D)   companion cells.
E)   cambium cells.F) C) and E)
G) All of the above

Question 18

The innermost layer of the root cortex is the

Accepted Answer

A)   core.
B)   pericycle.
C)   endodermis.
D)   pith.
E)   vascular cambium.F) C) and D)
G) A) and B)

Question 19

The driving force that pushes the root tip through the soil is primarily

Accepted Answer

A)   continuous cell division in the root cap at the tip of the root.
B)   continuous cell division just behind the root cap in the center of the apical meristem.
C)   elongation of cells behind the root apical meristem.
D)   the elongation of root hairs.
E)   continuous cell division of root cap cells.F) B) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 20

Which of the following is derived from the ground tissue system?

Accepted Answer

A)   root hair
B)   cuticle
C)   periderm
D)   pith
E)   phloemF) All of the above
G) C) and E)

Exam 28: Plant Structure and Growth

Which of the following cell types retains the ability to undergo cell division?

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Which of the following is derived from the ground tissue system?

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Which of the following cells or tissues arise from lateral meristem activity?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Pores on the leaf surface that function in gas exchange are called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A plant has the following characteristics: a taproot system, several growth rings evident in a cross section of the stem, and a layer of bark around the outside. Which of the following best describes the plant?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A student examining leaf cross sections under a microscope finds many loosely packed cells with relatively thin cell walls. The cells have numerous chloroplasts. What type of cells are they?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The vascular bundle in the shape of a single central cylinder in a root is called the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Shoot elongation in a growing bud is due primarily to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is a true statement?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is a true statement about growth in plants?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The driving force that pushes the root tip through the soil is primarily

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which part of a plant absorbs most of the water and minerals taken up from the soil?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The innermost layer of the root cortex is the

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following arise, directly or indirectly, from meristematic activity?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Compared to most animals, the growth of most plants is best described as

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Choose the option that best describes the relationship between the cell wall thickness of parenchyma cells versus sclerenchyma cells.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Vascular plant tissue includes all of the following cell types except

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

As a youngster, you drive a nail in the trunk of a young tree that is 3 meters tall. The nail is about 1.5 meters from the ground. Fifteen years later, you return and discover that the tree has grown to a height of 30 meters. About how many meters above the ground is the nail?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If you were able to walk into an opening cut into the center of a large redwood tree, when you exit from the middle of the trunk (stem) outward, you would cross, in order,

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements is false?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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