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Exam 7: Thinking, Language, and Intelligence

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Question 91

Multiple Choice

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The Dani speakers of New Guinea have names for only two classes of colors. When psychologist Eleanor Rosch and her colleagues studied color perception in the Dani speakers, Rosch found that the Dani:

A) could not perceive the difference between red and green.
B) perceived colors in much the same way as English-speaking people.
C) could only distinguish among primary colors.
D) suffered from a hereditary form of color blindness.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Question 92

Multiple Choice

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Approximately two-thirds (68 percent) of all scores on the WAIS fall between _____ and _____, a range that is considered to indicate normal or average intelligence.

A) 100; 150
B) 50; 150
C) 85; 115
D) 60; 130

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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Question 93

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Many psychologists today believe that the worldwide decline in IQ scores is the result of environmental pollution and inadequate nutrition.

Mental images:

In Sternberg's triarchic theory of intelligence, creative intelligence refers to the ability to deal with novel situations by drawing on existing skills and knowledge.

A system that combines arbitrary symbols to produce an infinite number of meaningful statements is a definition of:

Alyssa goes shopping for bath soap. After looking at all the different choices, Alyssa decides to choose the soap with the most cocoa butter in it. Alyssa is using the single-feature model of decision making.

Brian's car was not running well. The car would occasionally lose power or stall out. Brian thought about the possible solutions: changing the ignition wires, putting an additive in the gas tank, or taking his car to a mechanic and letting the mechanic figure out the problem. Brian decided that he would try putting an additive in the gas tank first to see if that corrected the problem. Which one of Sternberg's intelligences does it sound like Brian was using?

Psychologists generally agree that both genes and environmental factors contribute to intelligence.

One influential model of intuition involves two stages, the guiding stage and the integrative stage.

Environmental factors influence which of the many genes we inherit are actually switched on, or activated. Both heredity and environment are important in determining intelligence level.

Only a few highly gifted people are capable of true creativity.

Which one of the following psychologists is most likely to agree with the idea that there are multiple intelligences that are independent and distinct?

People often cling to beliefs that have been contradicted by empirical evidence. What kinds of obstacles to logical thinking can help explain the persistence of such beliefs?

Comparative cognition is a field of psychology that focuses on aspects of animal behavior, including memory, problem solving, planning, and cooperation.

Functional fixedness is a tendency to view objects as functioning in their usual or customary way.

When Jean-Claude came back from skiing, he wanted to brew a cup of coffee. Because he was out of coffee filters, he settled for tea. Jean-Claude's failure to realize he could use a paper towel as a coffee filter best illustrates:

Thinking often involves the manipulation of two forms of mental representations:

Janice forgot to pack a pillow for her camping trip, but used her down-filled jacket as a substitute pillow. This is an example of:

Animal language research has shown that: