Question 1

What is a lucid dream?

Accepted Answer

A)   A lucid dream is a dream that accompanies REM activity in dogs, cats, and other mammals.
B)   A lucid dream is a dream in which you become aware that you are dreaming while you are still asleep.
C)   A lucid dream is a dream with very clear and lucid content that the dreamer always remembers in the morning.
D)   A lucid dream is a dream in which the dreamer is killed or dies.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 2

In answer to the question of why we sleep, some researchers have concluded that different sleep patterns exhibited by different animal species, including humans, are the result of

Accepted Answer

A)   variations in levels of neurotransmitters such as melatonin.
B)   evolutionary adaptation.
C)   variations in light levels at different latitudes
D)   differences in the size of the suprachiasmatic nucleusE) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Question 3

Research supporting the neurocognitive model of dreaming has demonstrated that dreams:

Accepted Answer

A)   are a "cognitive mishmash" of random fragments of memories, images, and emotions generated by lower brainstem circuits.
B)   reflect our repressed desires.
C)   are really all about sex.
D)   reflect our interests, personality, and individual worries.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 4

In order to deal with her sleep-related problems, Kelly is now trying a technique that involves establishing a consistent sleep-wake cycle and associating her bedroom and bedtime with falling asleep rather than other activities. According to the Enhancing Well-Being with Psychology section, this technique is called:

Accepted Answer

A)   self-hypnosis therapy.
B)   tai chi.
C)   transcendental meditation.
D)   stimulus control therapy.E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

Question 5

_____ is an unfolding sequence of perceptions, thoughts, and emotions during sleep (usually REM)  that is experienced as a series of real-life events.

Accepted Answer

A)   Sleep mentation
B)   A dream
C)   A hypnagogic hallucination
D)   HypnosisE) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 6

In a study examining the brains of people who practice meditation, MRI scans showed that cortical thickness was positively correlated with meditation experience.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 7

Inhalants are chemical substances, such as paint solvents, gasoline, and aerosol sprays, that are inhaled to produce an alteration in consciousness.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 8

The effects of PCP include dissociation, depersonalization, and feelings of invulnerability.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 9

_____ is defined as a cooperative social interaction in which one person responds to another person's suggestions with changes in perception, memory, and behavior.

Accepted Answer

A)   Sleepwalking
B)   Lucid dreaming
C)   Meditation
D)   HypnosisE) None of the above
F) A) and D)

Question 10

A naturally occurring brain chemical called anandamide is structurally similar to THC, the active ingredient in marijuana.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

As you are lying in bed, your mind begins to drift and you become increasingly drowsy. During this short, transitional stage of sleep, you disengage from the routine sounds in your environment. This sleep stage is called:

Accepted Answer

A)   REM sleep.
B)   stage 1 NREM.
C)   stage 2 NREM.
D)   paradoxical sleep.E) A) and C)
F) B) and C)

Question 12

When a task requires a great deal of concentration, absorption in a visual task can produce _____, and absorption in an auditory task can produce _____.

Accepted Answer

A)   inattentional deafness; inattentional blindness
B)   change blindness; change deafness
C)   inattentional blindness; inattentional deafness
D)   hypnagogic sensations; myoclonic sensationsE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 13

There are two basic types of sleep: REM sleep and NREM sleep.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 14

Based on the information discussed in the In Focus box titled "What You Really Want to Know About Dreams," which of the following statements is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

A)   The notion that dogs, cats, and other mammals experience dream imagery during REM sleep is a reasonable conclusion.
B)   People often dream in color.
C)   People who have been blind since birth do not dream.
D)   Having a dream in which you are killed or die is relatively common.E) A) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 15

While a person is hypnotized, the hypnotist has complete control of the hypnotized person's behavior.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 16

Transcendental meditation involves performing a structured series of slow, smooth movements called tai chi.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 17

Sleepwalking or somnambulism is characterized by an episode of walking (or performing other actions) that typically occurs during NREM stage 3 or 4 slow-wave sleep.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

According to the discussion in your text, age regression:

Accepted Answer

A)   is the use of hypnosis to recall or reexperience an earlier time in the lifespan.
B)   reliably produces vivid and accurate memories of events that occurred during an earlier developmental period.
C)   is especially useful in uncovering the authentic details of childhood events that have been repressed from memory, such as abuse.
D)   is dangerous because the person may not be able to return to his or her actual age.E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 19

The drug MDMA (ecstasy)  produces a combination of effects. Which of the following is NOT one of the effects produced by MDMA?

Accepted Answer

A)   psychedelic effects
B)   depressant effects in the central nervous system
C)   stimulant effects
D)   emotional effectsE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 20

Women are _____as likely to suffer from insomnia as men.

Accepted Answer

A)   100 times
B)   10 times
C)   half
D)   twiceE) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Exam 4: Consciousness and Its Variations

In answer to the question of why we sleep, some researchers have concluded that different sleep patterns exhibited by different animal species, including humans, are the result of

Correct Answer
verified

While a person is hypnotized, the hypnotist has complete control of the hypnotized person's behavior.

Correct Answer
verified

Research supporting the neurocognitive model of dreaming has demonstrated that dreams:

Correct Answer
verified

A naturally occurring brain chemical called anandamide is structurally similar to THC, the active ingredient in marijuana.

Correct Answer
verified

Women are _____as likely to suffer from insomnia as men.

Correct Answer
verified

As you are lying in bed, your mind begins to drift and you become increasingly drowsy. During this short, transitional stage of sleep, you disengage from the routine sounds in your environment. This sleep stage is called:

Correct Answer
verified

The effects of PCP include dissociation, depersonalization, and feelings of invulnerability.

Correct Answer
verified

The drug MDMA (ecstasy) produces a combination of effects. Which of the following is NOT one of the effects produced by MDMA?

Correct Answer
verified

There are two basic types of sleep: REM sleep and NREM sleep.

Correct Answer
verified

When a task requires a great deal of concentration, absorption in a visual task can produce _, and absorption in an auditory task can produce _.

Correct Answer
verified

_____ is defined as a cooperative social interaction in which one person responds to another person's suggestions with changes in perception, memory, and behavior.

Correct Answer
verified

Inhalants are chemical substances, such as paint solvents, gasoline, and aerosol sprays, that are inhaled to produce an alteration in consciousness.

Correct Answer
verified

_____ is an unfolding sequence of perceptions, thoughts, and emotions during sleep (usually REM) that is experienced as a series of real-life events.

Correct Answer
verified

Based on the information discussed in the In Focus box titled "What You Really Want to Know About Dreams," which of the following statements is FALSE?

Correct Answer
verified

Sleepwalking or somnambulism is characterized by an episode of walking (or performing other actions) that typically occurs during NREM stage 3 or 4 slow-wave sleep.

Correct Answer
verified

In a study examining the brains of people who practice meditation, MRI scans showed that cortical thickness was positively correlated with meditation experience.

Correct Answer
verified

According to the discussion in your text, age regression:

Correct Answer
verified

What is a lucid dream?

Correct Answer
verified

Correct Answer
verified

Transcendental meditation involves performing a structured series of slow, smooth movements called tai chi.

Correct Answer
verified

Exam 4: Consciousness and Its Variations

In answer to the question of why we sleep, some researchers have concluded that different sleep patterns exhibited by different animal species, including humans, are the result of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

While a person is hypnotized, the hypnotist has complete control of the hypnotized person's behavior.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Research supporting the neurocognitive model of dreaming has demonstrated that dreams:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A naturally occurring brain chemical called anandamide is structurally similar to THC, the active ingredient in marijuana.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Women are _____as likely to suffer from insomnia as men.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

As you are lying in bed, your mind begins to drift and you become increasingly drowsy. During this short, transitional stage of sleep, you disengage from the routine sounds in your environment. This sleep stage is called:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The effects of PCP include dissociation, depersonalization, and feelings of invulnerability.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The drug MDMA (ecstasy) produces a combination of effects. Which of the following is NOT one of the effects produced by MDMA?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

There are two basic types of sleep: REM sleep and NREM sleep.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

When a task requires a great deal of concentration, absorption in a visual task can produce _____, and absorption in an auditory task can produce _____.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

_____ is defined as a cooperative social interaction in which one person responds to another person's suggestions with changes in perception, memory, and behavior.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Inhalants are chemical substances, such as paint solvents, gasoline, and aerosol sprays, that are inhaled to produce an alteration in consciousness.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

_____ is an unfolding sequence of perceptions, thoughts, and emotions during sleep (usually REM) that is experienced as a series of real-life events.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Based on the information discussed in the In Focus box titled "What You Really Want to Know About Dreams," which of the following statements is FALSE?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Sleepwalking or somnambulism is characterized by an episode of walking (or performing other actions) that typically occurs during NREM stage 3 or 4 slow-wave sleep.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In a study examining the brains of people who practice meditation, MRI scans showed that cortical thickness was positively correlated with meditation experience.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to the discussion in your text, age regression:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

What is a lucid dream?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Transcendental meditation involves performing a structured series of slow, smooth movements called tai chi.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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When a task requires a great deal of concentration, absorption in a visual task can produce _, and absorption in an auditory task can produce _.

Correct Answer
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