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In general,a zero correlation means that


A) as the values of one variable increase,there is no tendency for the values of the other variable to change in any consistent,predictable fashion.
B) as the values of one variable increase,there is a tendency for the values of the other variable also to increase.
C) as the values of one variable increase,there is a tendency for the values of the other variable to decrease.
D) as the values of one variable decrease,there is a tendency for the values of the other variable also to decrease.

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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"The bigger they are,the harder they fall" describes


A) a positive linear correlation.
B) a negative linear correlation.
C) no correlation.
D) a nonlinear correlation.

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

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What statistic should be used to find out whether there is a relationship between years of education and annual income?


A) The Pearson correlation coefficient
B) The Spearman rank-order correlation coefficient
C) The point-biserial correlation coefficient
D) The nonlinear correlation coefficient

E) All of the above
F) A) and C)

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Professor Johnston has found a strong positive correlation between wearing neckties and the frequency of strokes (r = 0.89) .He thinks that the necktie reduces blood flow to the brain,preventing the brain from receiving enough oxygen.Professor Johnston and his associates claim to have proven that wearing neckties causes strokes.What error has Professor Johnston made?


A) An r = 0.89 is not a very large r-value.
B) Professor Johnston is drawing a causal conclusion from correlational findings.
C) Not everyone who wears a necktie wears it very tight.
D) Professor Johnston should know that there are other ways for blood to reach the brain.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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If we calculate a correlation coefficient and we find that there is a relationship between the two variables,we


A) know that the data must be interval or ratio.
B) know,without referring to the study,that a correlational design was used.
C) can conclude that changes in one variable cause changes in the other variable.
D) cannot conclude that changes in one variable cause changes in the other variable.

E) B) and D)
F) All of the above

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Which of the following r-values indicates the strongest relationship between two variables?


A) +0.65
B) 0.89
C) +0.10
D) 0.10

E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

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Calculate the appropriate correlation coefficient for the following data. Calculate the appropriate correlation coefficient for the following data. A) -0.92 B) -0.37 C) -0.06 D) +0.75


A) -0.92
B) -0.37
C) -0.06
D) +0.75

E) None of the above
F) B) and D)

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Professor Helgin has found that the correlation between the length of a person's index finger and the person's IQ is 0.11.He should conclude that


A) as the length of the index finger goes up,there is a fairly strong tendency for a person to have a lower IQ.
B) there is no relationship between the two variables because the r is negative.
C) we can be confident in predicting that people with high IQs will tend to have long index fingers.
D) there is a very weak relationship between the length of the index finger and IQ because r is nearly 0.

E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

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We should do a scatterplot of the data when we compute a correlation because the scatterplot allows us to


A) see the relationship between the two variables.
B) determine the exact value of the correlation coefficient.
C) determine whether a relationship is likely to exist in the population from which the sample is taken.
D) predict accurate Y scores for known X scores.

E) All of the above
F) B) and C)

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In an experimental design _____,whereas in a correlational design _____.


A) there is only one variable (the independent variable) ;there are two variables (X and Y)
B) there are two X variables;there are an X and a Y variable
C) researchers assign each person an X score and then measure the score on the Y variable;researchers measure scores on variables that a participant has already experienced
D) researchers measure scores on variables that a participant has already experienced;researchers assign each person an X score and then measure the score on the Y variable

E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

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What type of relationship does the following regression line represent? What type of relationship does the following regression line represent? A) A positive relationship B) A negative relationship C) A curvilinear relationship D) No relationship


A) A positive relationship
B) A negative relationship
C) A curvilinear relationship
D) No relationship

E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

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As a part of her Master's Degree thesis in Geology,Candice needs to calculate a correlation coefficient between the amount of rainfall (measured in inches) and the height of the ground water table (measured in inches) in various parts of the continental U.S.Which formula should she use for this calculation?


A) As a part of her Master's Degree thesis in Geology,Candice needs to calculate a correlation coefficient between the amount of rainfall (measured in inches) and the height of the ground water table (measured in inches) in various parts of the continental U.S.Which formula should she use for this calculation? A) B) C) D)
B) As a part of her Master's Degree thesis in Geology,Candice needs to calculate a correlation coefficient between the amount of rainfall (measured in inches) and the height of the ground water table (measured in inches) in various parts of the continental U.S.Which formula should she use for this calculation? A) B) C) D)
C) As a part of her Master's Degree thesis in Geology,Candice needs to calculate a correlation coefficient between the amount of rainfall (measured in inches) and the height of the ground water table (measured in inches) in various parts of the continental U.S.Which formula should she use for this calculation? A) B) C) D)
D) As a part of her Master's Degree thesis in Geology,Candice needs to calculate a correlation coefficient between the amount of rainfall (measured in inches) and the height of the ground water table (measured in inches) in various parts of the continental U.S.Which formula should she use for this calculation? A) B) C) D)

E) None of the above
F) B) and C)

Correct Answer

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