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Which of the following approaches to interperiod tax allocation best represents an example of the matching principle?


A) The deferred method of interperiod income tax allocation
B) Discounting deferred income taxes
C) Nonallocation of income taxes
D) The asset/liability method of income tax allocation.

E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

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Which of the following is not an argument that an advocate of nonallocation of deferred taxes might use to support his/her position?


A) Income taxes result only from taxable income.
B) Income taxes are an expense of doing business and should be treated the same as other expenses of doing business under accrual accounting.
C) Income taxes are not levied on individual items of income or expense.
D) The current provision for income taxes is a better predictor of future cash flows than is income tax expense that includes deferred taxes.

E) B) and D)
F) A) and C)

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B

Which of the following causes a permanent difference between taxable income and financial accounting income?


A) The useful life of an asset is 10 years.The asset is depreciated over 7 years for tax purposes.
B) Rent received in advance is taxable upon receipt.
C) A life insurance premium paid by the corporation on a policy that names the corporation as the beneficiary.
D) A penalty paid to a bank when a CD is cashed before its maturity date.

E) A) and B)
F) B) and C)

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The accounting recognition of the benefit from a tax loss carryforward in most situations should be reported as


A) A reduction of the loss in the year of the loss with an appropriate valuation allowance
B) A prior period adjustment in whichever year the benefit is realized
C) An extraordinary item in the year in which the benefit is realized
D) An item on the retained earnings statement,not the income statement

E) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

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Describe the use of the valuation allowance for deferred tax assets.

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The deferred tax asset measures potentia...

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A company's only temporary difference results from using double declining balance depreciation for tax purposes and straight-line depreciation for financial reporting.The company purchases new plant assets each year.If currently enacted tax law will result in a higher tax rate for all future tax years,which accounting approach for deferred taxes will result in the lowest net income for this current year?


A) Nonallocation of deferred taxes.
B) Partial allocation of deferred taxes under the asset/liability method.
C) Comprehensive allocation of deferred taxes under the asset/liability method.
D) Comprehensive allocation of deferred taxes under the deferred method.

E) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

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Which of the following is not affected by tax allocation within a period?


A) Income before extraordinary items
B) Extraordinary events
C) Adjustments of prior periods
D) Operating revenues

E) A) and B)
F) C) and D)

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A company has four "deferred income tax" accounts arising from timing differences involving 1) current assets,2) noncurrent assets,3) current liabilities,and 4) noncurrent liabilities.The presentation of these four "deferred income tax " accounts in the statement of financial position should be shown as


A) A single net amount
B) A net current and a net noncurrent amount
C) Four accounts with no netting permitted
D) Valuation adjustments of the related assets and liabilities that gave rise to the deferred tax

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

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The tax effect of a difference between taxable income and pretax accounting income attributable to losses of a subsidiary is normally recognized for


A) Neither carrybacks nor carryforwards
B) Both carrybacks and carryforwards
C) Carrybacks but not carryforwards
D) Carryforwards but not carrybacks

E) A) and B)
F) A) and D)

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Which of the following will result in a deferred tax liability?


A) A net operating loss carryover.
B) Reporting an unrealized gain for a trading security.
C) Reporting an unrealized gain for an available-for-sale security.
D) Reporting an expected loss on from a lawsuit in the income statement,when it cannot be reported on the tax return until it is actually incurred.

E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

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Discuss the rationale behind the calculation of a company's earnings conservatism ratio.

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The rationale for the earnings conservat...

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Describe the accounting treatment for net operating losses.

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A net operating loss NOL)occurs when the amount of total tax deductions and tax-deductible losses is greater than the amount of total taxable revenues and gains during an accounting period.The IRC allows corporations reporting NOLs to carry these losses back and forward to offset other reported taxable income currently back two years and forward twenty years).A NOL carryback is applied to the taxable income of the two preceding years in the order in which they occurred,beginning with the older year first.If unused NOLs are still available,they are carried forward for up to twenty years to offset future taxable income.NOL carrybacks result in the refund of prior taxes paid.Thus,the tax benefits of NOL carrybacks are currently realizable and for financial accounting purposes are reported as reductions in the current period loss.A receivable is recognized on the balance sheet,and the associated benefit is shown on the current year's income statement.

Differences between taxable income and pretax accounting income arising from transactions that,under applicable tax laws and regulations,will not be offset by corresponding differences or "turn around" in future periods is a definition of


A) Permanent differences
B) Timing differences
C) Intraperiod tax allocation
D) Interperiod tax allocation

E) All of the above
F) A) and B)

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Which of the following would cause a deferred tax expense?


A) Writedown of goodwill due to impairment
B) Use of equity method where undistributed earnings of a 30 percent owned investee are related to probable future dividends
C) Premiums paid on insurance carried by company beneficiary) on its officers or employees
D) Income is taxed at capital gains rates

E) None of the above
F) A) and D)

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B

Income tax allocation procedures are not appropriate when


A) An extraordinary loss will cause the amount of income tax expense to be less than the tax on ordinary net income
B) An extraordinary gain will cause the amount of income tax expense to be greater than the tax on ordinary net income
C) Differences between net income for tax purposes and financial reporting occur because tax laws and financial accounting principles do not concur on the items to be recognized as revenue and expense
D) Differences between net income for tax purposes and financial reporting occur that will not reverse.

E) None of the above
F) A) and B)

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Discuss the arguments for and against discounting deferred taxes.

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Proponents of reporting deferred taxes a...

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Under the comprehensive deferred interperiod method of tax allocation,deferred taxes are determined on the basis of


A) Tax rates in effect when the timing differences originate without adjustment for subsequent changes in tax rates
B) Tax rates expected to be in effect when the items giving rise to the timing differences reverse themselves
C) Net valuations of assets or liabilities
D) Averages determined on an industry-by-industry basis

E) A) and C)
F) A) and B)

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Assuming no prior period adjustments,would the following affect net income? Interperiod Intraperiod Income tax Income tax Allocation Allocation


A) Yes Yes
B) Yes No
C) No Yes
D) No No

E) C) and D)
F) A) and C)

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A company that has both short-term deferred tax assets of $22,000,long-term deferred tax liabilities of $36,000,short-term deferred tax liabilities of $51,000 and short-term deferred tax assets of $60,000 should report


A) A current asset for $22,000,a current liability for $36,000,a long-term asset for $60,000,and a long-term liability for $51,000.
B) A current liability for $14,000 and a long-term asset for $9,000.
C) A current asset for $5,000.
D) A current liability for $14,000,a long-term asset for $60,000,and a long-term liability for $51,000.

E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

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With respect to the difference between taxable income and pretax accounting income,the tax effect of the undistributed earnings of a subsidiary included in consolidated income should normally be


A) Accounted for as a timing difference
B) Accounted for as a permanent difference
C) Ignored because it must be based on estimates and assumptions
D) Ignored because it cannot be presumed that all undistributed earnings of a subsidiary will be transferred to the parent company

E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

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