Question 1

A __________ consists of a nitrogen-containing base, a sugar, and a phosphate group.

Accepted Answer

A)   nucleoside
B)   base pair
C)   nucleotide
D)   complementary base
E)   purineF) C) and D)
G) A) and B) C

Question 2

During protein synthesis, the codon for an amino acid is found on

Accepted Answer

A)   DNA.
B)   rRNA.
C)   tRNA.
D)   mRNA.
E)   sRNA.F) D) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 3

Adenine is a purine.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 4

Messenger RNA carries protein synthesis information from the nucleus to the ribosomes.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False  True

Question 5

When mRNA is synthesized using the information from DNA, the process is called

Accepted Answer

A)   transportation.
B)   transposition.
C)   transcription.
D)   translation.
E)   transliteration.F) A) and C)
G) A) and B)

Question 6

DNA fingerprinting uses __________ to produce DNA fragments that can be separated and screened for the presence of genetic diseases.

Accepted Answer

A)   extracellular DNA
B)   restriction enzymes
C)   bacterial plasmids
D)   anticodons
E)   codonsF) A) and B)
G) A) and C)

Question 7

The purpose of the human genome project was to

Accepted Answer

A)   identify genes responsible for noninheritable diseases.
B)   determine how to clone human DNA.
C)   identify substrates for the polymerase chain reaction.
D)   learn how to clone bacterial DNA.
E)   map the locations of all the genes in human DNA.F) A) and D)
G) A) and C)

Question 8

Match the following.
-the most abundant nucleic acid in the ribosomes

Accepted Answer

A)  rRNA
B)  mRNA
C)  tRNA
D)  DNAE) B) and C)
F) A) and D)

Question 9

In the synthesis of mRNA, an adenine in the DNA pairs with

Accepted Answer

A)   uracil.
B)   adenine.
C)   guanine.
D)   thymine.
E)   cytosine.F) A) and E)
G) D) and E) A

Question 10

A retrovirus contains DNA as its genetic material and that synthesizes a complementary RNA strand inside a cell.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 11

DNA is a protein.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 12

The bonds that link the base pairs in the DNA double helix are

Accepted Answer

A)   ionic bonds.
B)   peptide bonds.
C)   hydrogen bonds.
D)   hydrophobic bonds.
E)   ester bonds.F) C) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 13

Translation is the process whereby

Accepted Answer

A)   DNA is synthesized from DNA.
B)   DNA is synthesized from mRNA.
C)   protein is synthesized from DNA.
D)   protein is synthesized from mRNA.
E)   mRNA is synthesized from DNA.F) B) and E)
G) B) and C)

Question 14

If the DNA double helix in humans contains 20% guanine, then the percent cytosine is 20%.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 15

Which of the following is NOT a step in DNA replication?

Accepted Answer

A)   Hydrogen bonds break, allowing the two DNA strands to separate completely.
B)   A base on the DNA pairs with its complementary base free in solution.
C)   DNA polymerase forms bonds between a 5'-phosphate of one nucleotide and a 3'-hydroxyl of another.
D)   On one strand the DNA is synthesized continuously.
E)   DNA ligase connects short segments of DNA on one strand.F) None of the above
G) C) and E)

Question 16

Protease inhibitors, which are effective anti-HIV drugs,

Accepted Answer

A)   are nucleoside analogs.
B)   prevent reverse transcription.
C)   prevent synthesis of viral proteins.
D)   prevent mRNA synthesis.
E)   prevent activation of tRNA.F) B) and E)
G) C) and D)

Question 17

If the DNA double helix in humans contains 20% guanine, then the percent adenine is 30%.

Accepted Answer

A) True 
 B)False

Question 18

A restriction enzyme functions to

Accepted Answer

A)   prevent the DNA from leaving the nucleus.
B)   limit the number of replications a DNA molecule can achieve.
C)   cut a large DNA double helix into smaller fragments.
D)   stop the elongation step of protein synthesis.
E)   eliminate a virus from a cell.F) A) and E)
G) A) and B)

Question 19

Recombinant DNA technology requires the use of bacterial

Accepted Answer

A)   plasmids.
B)   mitochondria.
C)   endoplasmic reticulum.
D)   ribosomes.
E)   cell walls.F) A) and D)
G) All of the above

Question 20

Match the type of cellular control with the description.
-The end product of a reaction pathway controls protein synthesis.

Accepted Answer

A)  enzyme induction
B)  enzyme repressionC) A) and B)
D) undefined

Exam 21: Nucleic Acids and Protein Synthesis

A __________ consists of a nitrogen-containing base, a sugar, and a phosphate group.

Correct AnswerverifiedC

During protein synthesis, the codon for an amino acid is found on

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Adenine is a purine.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Messenger RNA carries protein synthesis information from the nucleus to the ribosomes.

Correct AnswerverifiedTrue

When mRNA is synthesized using the information from DNA, the process is called

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

DNA fingerprinting uses __________ to produce DNA fragments that can be separated and screened for the presence of genetic diseases.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The purpose of the human genome project was to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Match the following. -the most abundant nucleic acid in the ribosomes

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the synthesis of mRNA, an adenine in the DNA pairs with

Correct AnswerverifiedA

A retrovirus contains DNA as its genetic material and that synthesizes a complementary RNA strand inside a cell.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

DNA is a protein.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The bonds that link the base pairs in the DNA double helix are

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Translation is the process whereby

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If the DNA double helix in humans contains 20% guanine, then the percent cytosine is 20%.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is NOT a step in DNA replication?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Protease inhibitors, which are effective anti-HIV drugs,

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If the DNA double helix in humans contains 20% guanine, then the percent adenine is 30%.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A restriction enzyme functions to

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Recombinant DNA technology requires the use of bacterial

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Match the type of cellular control with the description. -The end product of a reaction pathway controls protein synthesis.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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