Question 1

The normal pH of the body fluids of 7.4 is considered:

Accepted Answer

A)  slightly basic.
B)  slightly acidic.
C)  very basic.
D)  very acidic.E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 2

A water loss of _______ of body weight can impair physical and cognitive performance.

Accepted Answer

A)  1-2%
B)  5-7%
C)  10%
D)  20%E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 3

The DASH (Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension) diet is best characterized by:

Accepted Answer

A)  high intake of fruits and vegetables,but no dairy foods.
B)  plenty of fruits,vegetables & whole grains,with lean protein and low-fat dairy foods.
C)  abundant whole & refined grains and high-protein foods,but low in dairy.
D)  plenty of high-protein and dairy foods.E) All of the above
F) B) and D)

Question 4

Water found inside cells of the body is called:

Accepted Answer

A)  intercellular fluid.
B)  extracellular fluid.
C)  intracellular fluid.
D)  interstitial fluid.E) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 5

Diets high in sodium have been linked to _____________ in some people.

Accepted Answer

A)  diabetes
B)  cancer
C)  hypertension
D)  All of theseE) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 6

The hormone that increases sodium reabsorption by the kidneys is:

Accepted Answer

A)  aldosterone.
B)  renin.
C)  angiotensin.
D)  adrenaline.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 7

A reaction that breaks large molecules into smaller ones by the addition of water is called a(n) :

Accepted Answer

A)  exchange reaction.
B)  catalysis reaction.
C)  hydrolysis reaction.
D)  condensation reaction.E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 8

Approximately what percentage of the adult human body is water?

Accepted Answer

A)  20%
B)  40%
C)  60%
D)  80%E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 9

Nerve conduction and muscle contraction depend on which minerals?

Accepted Answer

A)  Chloride & potassium
B)  Phosphorous & calcium
C)  Sodium & fluoride
D)  Sodium & potassiumE) C) and D)
F) A) and D) D

Question 10

Most body water comes from:

Accepted Answer

A)  moisture absorbed through the skin.
B)  fluids we drink.
C)  the food we eat.
D)  metabolism.E) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 11

Which organ is responsible for regulating sodium and chloride concentrations in the body?

Accepted Answer

A)  Brain
B)  Kidneys
C)  Liver
D)  PancreasE) C) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 12

High blood pressure results in all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  an increased diabetes risk.
B)  weakening of and damage to artery walls.
C)  the heart working harder.
D)  an increased risk of stroke.E) B) and C)
F) All of the above

Question 13

In most people,hypertension results from:

Accepted Answer

A)  no obvious external cause.
B)  diabetes.
C)  kidney disease.
D)  atherosclerosis.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 14

Most of the salt consumed by Americans is:

Accepted Answer

A)  found naturally in food.
B)  added during home preparation.
C)  added at the table.
D)  added to food during processing and manufacturing.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 15

Which of the following acts to increase blood pressure?

Accepted Answer

A)  Angiotensin II
B)  Calcitonin
C)  Estrogen
D)  Parathyroid hormoneE) B) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 16

The DASH diet is:

Accepted Answer

A)  high in calcium and magnesium while low in sodium and potassium.
B)  high is sodium while low in calcium,magnesium and potassium.
C)  high in potassium,calcium and magnesium while low in sodium.
D)  high in sodium and potassium while low in calcium and magnesium.E) C) and D)
F) A) and C) C

Question 17

Drinking plain water after a long period of excessive sweating can do all of the following EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  dilute the sodium in the blood.
B)  cause water toxicity.
C)  result in nausea,muscle cramps and confusion.
D)  increase potassium in the blood causing high blood pressure.E) B) and D)
F) C) and D) D

Question 18

An electrical charge or membrane potential exists across nerve cell membranes because:

Accepted Answer

A)  the membrane is permeable to sodium ions.
B)  the cell membrane allows more positively charged ions to leak out than to leak in.
C)  the membrane is impermeable to all ions.
D)  water can flow freely across the membrane.E) C) and D)
F) A) and B)

Question 19

Which of the following is FALSE regarding the role of water in regulating body temperature?

Accepted Answer

A)  Water changes temperature slowly,helping to maintain body temperature.
B)  When body temperature rises,sweat is produced; this evaporates to cool the body.
C)  Low body temperature causes restricted blood flow to the skin to conserve body heat.
D)  High body temperature increases blood flow to the kidneys increasing urine production,thus dissipating excess heat.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 20

All of the following occur when the concentration of sodium in the blood rises EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

A)  renin is released.
B)  water moves into the blood.
C)  blood pressure rises.
D)  blood volume rises.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Exam 10: Water and the Electrolytes

The normal pH of the body fluids of 7.4 is considered:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A water loss of _______ of body weight can impair physical and cognitive performance.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The DASH (Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension) diet is best characterized by:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Water found inside cells of the body is called:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Diets high in sodium have been linked to _____________ in some people.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The hormone that increases sodium reabsorption by the kidneys is:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A reaction that breaks large molecules into smaller ones by the addition of water is called a(n) :

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Approximately what percentage of the adult human body is water?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Nerve conduction and muscle contraction depend on which minerals?

Correct AnswerverifiedD

Most body water comes from:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which organ is responsible for regulating sodium and chloride concentrations in the body?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

High blood pressure results in all of the following EXCEPT:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In most people,hypertension results from:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Most of the salt consumed by Americans is:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following acts to increase blood pressure?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The DASH diet is:

Correct AnswerverifiedC

Drinking plain water after a long period of excessive sweating can do all of the following EXCEPT:

Correct AnswerverifiedD

An electrical charge or membrane potential exists across nerve cell membranes because:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following is FALSE regarding the role of water in regulating body temperature?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

All of the following occur when the concentration of sodium in the blood rises EXCEPT:

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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D

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C

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D

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