Question 1

If most of the individuals of a human population are in their pre- reproductive years,you would expect the population size to after 20 years.

Accepted Answer

A)  stay the same
B)  decrease and then stabilize
C)  increase
D)  decreaseE) A) and C)
F) B) and D)

Question 2

The age structure of the United States in 2010 shows

Accepted Answer

A)  a broad base,suggesting a low birth rate.
B)  a broad base,suggesting a high birth rate.
C)  that the United States has not yet gone through a demographic transition.
D)  that a greater proportion of the population is elderly now than in earlier decades.E) B) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 3

If a population has a birth rate of 40 individuals per 1,000 per year and a death rate of 30 individuals per 1,000 per year,how will the population change each year? (Assume that the population is below carrying capacity and that there is no immigration or emigration.)

Accepted Answer

A)  It will increase by 1%.
B)  It will decrease by 70%.
C)  It will increase by 5%.
D)  It will increase by 100%.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 4

A group of individuals of a single species that occupy the same general area defines a

Accepted Answer

A)  community.
B)  population.
C)  subspecies.
D)  clone.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 5

The human population on Earth is expected to reach 9.5 billion people by

Accepted Answer

A)  2015.
B)  2093.
C)  3150.
D)  2050.E) B) and C)
F) A) and B)

Question 6

A demographic tool used to predict a population's future growth is

Accepted Answer

A)  demographic transition.
B)  age structures.
C)  maximum sustained growth.
D)  a hairline growth curve.E) C) and D)
F) A) and D)

Question 7

The pattern of distribution for a certain species of kelp is clumped.We would expect that the pattern of distribution for a population of snails that live on the kelp would be

Accepted Answer

A)  clumped.
B)  uniform.
C)  random.
D)  homogeneous.E) C) and D)
F) B) and D)

Question 8

A newly mated queen ant establishes an ant nest in an unoccupied patch of suitable habitat.The population of the nest grows quickly at first,then levels off at carrying capacity.Which of the following types of equation will best describe its population growth?

Accepted Answer

A)  linear
B)  logistic
C)  exponential
D)  logarithmicE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 9

Which of the following statements about insecticides is true?

Accepted Answer

A)  To control agricultural pests,pest management uses biological controls,chemicals,or cultural methods,but never a combination of these.
B)  Prey species often have a higher reproductive rate than do predators.
C)  Simply killing many individuals is often the best way to reduce the size of a pest population.
D)  Most insecticides kill the pest but not the pest's natural predators.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 10

You drive through Iowa in the spring and notice that along a stretch of several kilometers,every third fence post has a male redwing blackbird perched on it defending its nesting territory.This is an example of

Accepted Answer

A)  clumped dispersion.
B)  uniform dispersion.
C)  random dispersion.
D)  artificial dispersion.E) A) and D)
F) B) and C)

Question 11

A human population will achieve zero population growth if

Accepted Answer

A)  the birth rate equals the intrinsic rate of increase r.
B)  couples have an average of about 2.25 children each (to account for some children who do not survive to reproduce) .
C)  no couple has more than two children.
D)  no couple has more than one child.E) A) and B)
F) All of the above

Question 12

According to this graph of the population growth of fur seals,in what year did the population first reach its carrying capacity?

Accepted Answer

A)  1950
B)  1940
C)  1930
D)  1925E) B) and C)
F) None of the above

Question 13

In terms of population dynamics,what is "boom- and- bust" cycling?

Accepted Answer

A)  a situation in which a population moves back and forth between rapid growth and decline
B)  a situation in which the sex ratio in a population shows repeated oscillations
C)  a situation in which a growing population overshoots the carrying capacity of its environment and experiences a crash before stabilizing
D)  a situation in which the populations of a predator species and a prey species oscillate in unisonE) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 14

Consider a stable frog population living at carrying capacity in a pond.If an average female produces 6,000 eggs during her lifetime and an average of 300 tadpoles hatch from these eggs,how many of these tadpoles will,on average,survive to reproduce?

Accepted Answer

A)  2
B)  more than 100
C)  10 to 20
D)  0E) B) and D)
F) None of the above

Question 15

An ecologist hypothesizes that predation by a particular owl species is the major factor controlling the population of a particular rabbit species.If this is the case,which of the following population effects could be expected in this rabbit- owl pair?

Accepted Answer

A)  An increase in the owl population should cause a fall in the rabbit population.
B)  An increase in the incidence of disease in the rabbit population should not change the owl population.
C)  A fall in the rabbit population should cause an increase in the owl population.
D)  A fall in the owl population should cause a fall in the rabbit population.E) B) and D)
F) All of the above

Question 16

Guppies from Trinidad form two distinct populations that differ in several life history traits that appear to relate to the local predator populations,pike- cichlids or killifish.Which of the following experiments would test the heritability of these traits?

Accepted Answer

A)  Provide additional food to the guppies from cichlid habitats to see if they will grow to the same size as guppies from the killifish habitat.
B)  Introduce cichlids into a habitat with killifish.
C)  Raise both populations without predators to see if they maintain their life history traits.
D)  Raise both populations with cichlids to see if the population of smaller,faster- maturing guppies reproduces more quickly.E) None of the above
F) A) and C)

Question 17

According to this graph of population growth in Mexico,in what year was the rate of population increase in Mexico the greatest?

Accepted Answer

A)  1912
B)  1965
C)  2000
D)  1930E) A) and D)
F) A) and C)

Question 18

A survivorship curve that involves producing very few offspring,each of which has a high probability of surviving to adulthood,is typical of

Accepted Answer

A)  sea stars.
B)  elephants.
C)  rodents.
D)  oysters.E) A) and B)
F) None of the above

Question 19

In the logistic growth model,as population size increases,birth rates

Accepted Answer

A)  remain constant and death rates increase.
B)  decline and/or death rates increase.
C)  and death rates increase.
D)  decline but death rates remain steady.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Question 20

To obtain optimal production in a small garden,one should

Accepted Answer

A)  sow seeds randomly throughout the garden.
B)  plant seeds in a uniform pattern throughout the garden.
C)  plant seeds in rows with minimal spacing between rows.
D)  plant seeds in clumps with large spaces between clumps.E) A) and B)
F) A) and C)

Exam 36: Population Ecology

According to this graph of the population growth of fur seals,in what year did the population first reach its carrying capacity?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

According to this graph of population growth in Mexico,in what year was the rate of population increase in Mexico the greatest?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A newly mated queen ant establishes an ant nest in an unoccupied patch of suitable habitat.The population of the nest grows quickly at first,then levels off at carrying capacity.Which of the following types of equation will best describe its population growth?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A group of individuals of a single species that occupy the same general area defines a

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The pattern of distribution for a certain species of kelp is clumped.We would expect that the pattern of distribution for a population of snails that live on the kelp would be

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Guppies from Trinidad form two distinct populations that differ in several life history traits that appear to relate to the local predator populations,pike- cichlids or killifish.Which of the following experiments would test the heritability of these traits?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If most of the individuals of a human population are in their pre- reproductive years,you would expect the population size to after 20 years.

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

You drive through Iowa in the spring and notice that along a stretch of several kilometers,every third fence post has a male redwing blackbird perched on it defending its nesting territory.This is an example of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A human population will achieve zero population growth if

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

To obtain optimal production in a small garden,one should

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A survivorship curve that involves producing very few offspring,each of which has a high probability of surviving to adulthood,is typical of

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The human population on Earth is expected to reach 9.5 billion people by

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

A demographic tool used to predict a population's future growth is

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In terms of population dynamics,what is "boom- and- bust" cycling?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

An ecologist hypothesizes that predation by a particular owl species is the major factor controlling the population of a particular rabbit species.If this is the case,which of the following population effects could be expected in this rabbit- owl pair?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Consider a stable frog population living at carrying capacity in a pond.If an average female produces 6,000 eggs during her lifetime and an average of 300 tadpoles hatch from these eggs,how many of these tadpoles will,on average,survive to reproduce?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

If a population has a birth rate of 40 individuals per 1,000 per year and a death rate of 30 individuals per 1,000 per year,how will the population change each year? (Assume that the population is below carrying capacity and that there is no immigration or emigration.)

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

In the logistic growth model,as population size increases,birth rates

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

Which of the following statements about insecticides is true?

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

The age structure of the United States in 2010 shows

Correct AnswerverifiedShow Answer

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